The following are the most important diseases or complications that can be caused by a hiatal hernia (diaphragmatic hernia) as well:
Blood disorders – Immune system
- Anemia (anemia) [paraesophageal hernia.]
Stomach – intestine – esophagus
- Gastritis (gastritis) [paraesophageal hernia]
- Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB; gastrointestinal bleeding) [paraesophageal hernia]
- Incarceration (entrapment of the hernia) [paraesophageal hernia]
- Gastric ileus (gastric obstruction) [paraesophageal hernia]
- Gastric ulcers (gastric ulcers) [paraesophageal hernia]
- Reflux esophagitis – esophagitis due to reflux (reflux) of acid gastric juice [axial hernia].
- Upside-down stomach (based on paraesophageal hernia).
- Volvulus (incarceration) of the stomach [paraesophageal hernia].
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)
- Roemheld syndrome – reflex cardiac symptoms caused by gas accumulation in the intestines and stomach, usually from overeating or flatulent foods; symptomatology: Extrasystoles (heartbeat occurring outside physiologic heart rhythm), sinus bradycardia (< 60 heartbeats/min), sinus tachycardia (> 100 heartbeats/min), angina (chest tightness; sudden onset of pain in the cardiac region), dysphagia (dysphagia), syncope (momentary loss of consciousness), vertigo (dizziness) [paraesophageal hernia: Displacement of the mediastinum as well as the heart]
