Products
In many countries, no drugs containing docosanol are on the market. In other countries, a cream is approved (eg, Erazaban, Abreva, 10%).
Structure and properties
-Docosanol (C22H46O, Mr = 326.6 g/mol) is a long-chain, unsaturated primary alcohol. The waxy solid is insoluble in water due to its high lipophilicity.
Effects
Docosanol (ATC D06BB11) has antiviral properties. The effects are due to inhibition of fusion of the virus with the host cell membrane. Docosanol reduces the average healing time from 4.9 days to 4.3 days, according to clinical trials.
Indications
For the treatment of early-stage cold sores.
Dosage
According to the professional information. The cream is applied five times a day. It must be administered as early as possible in an outbreak. Treatment is continued until healing.
Contraindications
Docosanol is contraindicated in cases of hypersensitivity. For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Interactions
Docosanol should not be applied concomitantly with other topical medications or cosmetics.
Adverse effects
Possible adverse effects include local reactions at the site of administration such as dry skin, rashes, and skin disorders.