Liver ultrasonography (synonyms: ultrasound of the liver; liver ultrasound) is a noninvasive diagnostic procedure in radiology and internal medicine that can be used to clarify pathologic (pathological) processes as a routine examination or when a specific question is raised. Sonographic evaluation of the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts is usually the primary diagnostic procedure in … Liver Ultrasound (Liver Sonography)
Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreaticography (MRCP) (synonym: MR cholangiopancreaticography) is a noninvasive (not penetrating the body) imaging technique for visualizing the biliary and pancreatic ducts. In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), examination protocols can be specially adapted so that the liver, bile ducts, and pancreas can be better visualized and consequently the examination is called MRCP. MRCP can … Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreaticography
Renal function scintigraphy (synonym: renal sequence (function) scintigraphy) is a diagnostic procedure in nuclear medicine. Renal function scintigraphy is of high value for nuclear medicine diagnostics of the kidney, as the function of both kidneys can be evaluated (examined) individually or in combination with the help of this procedure. In this regard, renal sequence (functional) … Renal Function Scintigraphy
Phlebography is a subspecialty of angiography and is an invasive imaging procedure used to visualize the veins. In this procedure, a contrast agent containing iodine is injected into the vein area to be examined, and parallel radiographs are taken to document the flow of the contrast agent over time. Since the administration of contrast medium … Phlebography
Pulse describes the palpable pressure wave in the bloodstream caused by the heartbeat. The pulse is usually measured on arteries, but there is also a weak pulse on veins. One can use the following forms of recording/pulse measurement: Pressure pulse measurement (sphygmography). Flow pulse measurement Volume pulse measurement The pulse can be well palpated on … Pulse Measurement
Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the speed at which the pressure wave travels through the arteries. It is a physiologic parameter that provides information regarding pathologic arterial stiffness (stiffness of arterial vessels) as well as information about endothelial function (layer of cells on the inner surface of blood vessels). With age, vascular stiffness and thus … Pulse Wave Velocimetry
Coronary angiography is a diagnostic procedure in radiology and cardiology that can be used to visualize the coronary arteries (arteries that surround the heart in a wreath shape and supply blood to the heart muscle) using contrast media as an angiographic method to evaluate coronary artery disease (CAD). Invasive coronary angiography is performed during cardiac … Coronary Angiography
The following is an illustration of the measurement of heart rate variability (HRV) (synonym: heart rate variability (HRV)) as a standard procedure in autonomic nervous function diagnostics.The human organism is exposed to a flood of constantly changing environmental demands of a physical and psychosocial nature throughout the day. Only a negligible part of these environmental … Heart Rate Variability
To detect atherosclerotic vascular changes in a timely manner, sonography (ultrasound) is used to determine the intima-media thickness (synonyms: IMD; intima-media-thickness – IMT) of the common carotid artery bilaterally (carotid intima-media thickness test (CIMT)). The intima refers to the tunica interna (layer of endothelial cells; inner layer) and the media refers to the tunica media … Intima Media Thickness Measurement
Cardio magnetic resonance imaging (synonyms: cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), cardiac MRI, cardio-MRI; cardio-MRI; MRI-cardio; MRI-cardio) refers to a radiologic examination procedure that uses a magnetic field to image the heart. Cardio-MRI provides real-time images and allows a three-dimensional reconstruction of the heart and its surroundings. The procedure can be used to visualize the anatomy … Cardio Magnetic Resonance Imaging
