Pathogenesis (development of disease) Acute sinusitis usually develops due to obstruction of the ostia by mucosal swelling, usually referred from the nasal cavity. In rarer cases, sinusitis is caused odontogenically (“originating from the teeth”). The most common causative agents of sinusitis are viruses such as rhinoviruses or (para)influenza viruses, or bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, … Sinusitis: Causes
General measures Inhalation of chamomile If necessary, bed rest; raise head end of bed so head is elevated (reduces sinus pain) Observance of the general hygiene measures! Nicotine restriction (refrain from tobacco use). Alcohol restriction (abstaining from alcohol) Aim for normal weight!Determination of BMI (body mass index, body mass index) or body composition using electrical … Sinusitis: Therapy
In nasal polyps (lat. Polyposis nasi; synonyms: “polyposis nasi et sinuum,” sinuum = paranasal sinus; polypoid nasal hyperplasia; polypoid sinus degeneration; polypoid rhinopathy; polypoid adenoid tissue; polyposis of the paranasal sinuses; polyposis of the ethmoid sinus; polyposis of the maxillary sinus; polyposis of the sphenoid sinus; polyposis nasi deformans; ICD-10-GM J33. -: Other polyps of … Nasal Polyps (Polyposis Nasi)
The following symptoms and complaints may occur together with ear flow (otorrhea): Leading symptom Ear flow Associated symptoms Earache Hearing loss Cave (Attention)! If mastoiditis (mastoid process inflammation; symptoms: renewed increase in otalgia (ear pain) in acute otitis media (middle ear infection) after initial improvement or unchanged persistence of symptoms beyond the third week of … Ear Discharge (Otorrhea): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Otalgia (synonyms: ear neuralgia; otagra; otalgia; otalgia; otodynia; otoneuralgia; ICD-10-GM H92.-: Otalgia and otorrhea) is the medical term for ear pain. It is the leading symptom for all inflammatory diseases of the ear, middle ear and outer ear. The following forms of otalgia can be distinguished: Primary otalgia – the cause of the ear pain … Earache (Otalgia)
Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of otalgia (ear pain). Family history Is there a frequent history of ear disease in your family? Social history Is there any evidence of psychosocial stress or strain due to your family situation? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). How long … Earache (Otalgia): Medical History
Respiratory System (J00-J99) Laryngitis (inflammation of the larynx). Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) – spread of inflammation to connective tissue between tonsil (tonsils) and constrictor pharyngis muscle with subsequent abscessation (collection of pus); predictors of peritonsillar abscess: male sex; age 21-40 years and smoker [unilateral sore throat/severe pain, trismus (lockjaw), potty voice, and deviation of uvula (uvula … Earache (Otalgia): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting the further diagnostic step: General physical examination Palpation (palpation) of facial/jaw bones. Verification of tragus tenderness [yes = V.a. otitis externa (ear canal inflammation), no = V.a. otitis media acuta (acute middle ear infection)] ENT medical examination Inspection (viewing) of both ears including otoscopy (ear examination): … Earache (Otalgia): Examination
2nd order laboratory parameters – depending on the results of the history, physical examination and obligatory laboratory parameters – for differential diagnostic clarification. Small blood count Inflammatory parameters – CRP (C-reactive protein) or blood sedimentation rate (ESR). Microbiological examination – in case of prolonged symptomatology.
Therapeutic target Symptomatic therapy Therapy recommendations Analgesia (systemic analgesics (painkillers) or anti-inflammatory drugs) until definitive therapy when the diagnosis is confirmed. See also under “Further therapy“.
Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, and obligatory laboratory parameters – for differential diagnostic clarification. Audiometry (hearing test) – indicated only in prolonged complaints. X-ray of the mastoid – if mastoiditis (acute inflammation in the mastoid process (Processus mastoideus) of the temporal bone with bone fusion) is … Earache (Otalgia): Diagnostic Tests
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate otalgia (earache): Piercing Burning Tearing Dull In addition to otalgia, there may be other symptoms and complaints: Cephalgia (headache) Fever General feeling of illness Warning signs (red flags) Fetal otorrhea (“foul-smelling ear discharge”) > 10 days → think of: Mastoiditis (acute inflammation in the mastoid process of the … Earache (Otalgia): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
