Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of hypothermia (hypothermia). Family history Social history Current anamnesis/systemic anamnesis (somatic and psychological complaints). What is the body temperature measured rectally? How long has this temperature (< 35 °C) been present?* . Wowas the affected person found? In what situation? Can be recognized … Hypothermia: Medical History
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90). Diabetes mellitus (diabetes). Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) Hypopituitarism – reduced function of the pituitary gland. Hypothyroidism (underactivity of the thyroid gland) Kwashiorkor – condition of malnutrition in young children, which occurs predominantly in developing countries. Marasmus – form of malnutrition Myxedema coma (hypothyroid coma) – life-threatening progression of hypothyroidism … Hypothermia: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
Severity of hypothermia according to the Swiss classification system. Stage Core body temperature °C Stage description Clinical symptoms I 35-32 Mild hypothermia Patient clear, cold shiver II 32-28 Moderate hypothermia Patient slows, no cold shivering III 28-24 Severe hypothermia Patient unconscious, breathing IV < 24 Circulatory arrest or minimal circulation Patient unconscious, respiratory and circulatory … Hypothermia: Classification
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps. In principle, an emergency examination must first be performed on persons who are unconscious: Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) – scale for estimating impaired consciousness. Criterion Score Eye opening spontaneous 4 on request 3 on pain stimulus 2 no reaction 1 Verbal communication conversational, … Hypothermia: Examination
Laboratory parameters of the 1st order – obligatory laboratory tests. Small blood count Inflammatory parameter – CRP (C-reactive protein) Blood gas analysis (BGA) Electrolytes – calcium, sodium, potassium Fasting glucose (fasting blood sugar) Coagulation parameters – PTT, Quick Laboratory parameters 2nd order – depending on the results of the history, physical examination and mandatory laboratory … Hypothermia: Test and Diagnosis
Obligatory medical device diagnostics. Temperature measurement by rectal and esophageal (located in the esophagus) probe. Electrocardiogram (ECG; recording of the electrical activities of the heart muscle) [J- or so-called. Osborn wave = dome-shaped rash at the transition between R-wave and ST segment; in up to 40% of cases of hypothermia under therapy; but not pathognomonic … Hypothermia: Diagnostic Tests
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate hypothermia (hypothermia): Rectal temperature 35-32.2 °C Leading symptoms Amnesia (form of memory impairment for temporal or content memories). Apathy (apathy) Disturbances of consciousness Brady/tachycardia – too slow (< 60 heartbeats/minute)/too fast heart rate (> 100 heartbeats/minute). Brady-/tachypnea – decreased (breathing at less than ten breaths per minute)/increased respiratory … Hypothermia: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
General measures If frostbite and hypothermia (hypothermia) are present simultaneously, treat the hypothermia first! If possible, simultaneous treatment is also permitted. The hypothermia always has priority! The patient is to be wrapped in an insulating blanket (aluminum vaporized rescue blanket) Attention! The silver side of the rescue blanket (so seems one side, if you hold … Hypothermia: Therapy
