Diseases originating in the basal ganglia Dysfunctions in the area of the basal ganglia can have far-reaching consequences for motor and non-motor processes in the body. For this reason, the diseases triggered by disorders of the basal ganglia often show clinically by a pronounced symptomatology. Among the best-known diseases associated with the Basal Ganglia are … Diseases originating in the basal ganglia | Basal Ganglia
Synonym axial cyinder, Neurit General information The term axon is used to describe the tubular extension of a nerve cell that transmits impulses originating from the nerve cell body to the farthest reaches. Within the axon is a fluid, the axoplasm, which corresponds to the cell content (cytoplasm) of other cells. Here are cell organelles … Axon
Tasks An axon fulfils two important tasks: First, it is there to transmit the electrical impulses generated in the nerve cell body to the next nerve cell or to the target structure (muscle or gland cell). – In addition, some substances are transported along certain structures through the axon. This process, known as axonal transport, … Tasks | Axon
The axon mound is part of a nerve cell. A nerve cell, also known as a neuron, has the task of transmitting signals that are sent to it to the next nerve cell or to a muscle. Structure The nerve cell roughly consists of three sections. The central part is the cell body, the so-called … Axon Hill
Synonyms Medulla oblongata, bulb medullae spinalis Definition The medulla oblongata is part of the central nervous system (CNS). It is the lowest (caudal) part of the brain. The medulla oblongata is counted together with the bridge (pons) and the midbrain (mesencephalon) as part of the brain stem (truncus cerebri). The medulla oblongata contains nerve nuclei … Extended Mark
MeaningFunction A disorder of the medulla oblongata is seen, for example, in patients with a so-called bulbar paralysis. In this case the cranial nerves running in the medulla are affected. These have the innervation of the pharyngeal and pharyngeal muscles in common. Accordingly, this clinical picture leads to partial paralysis of the muscles of the … MeaningFunction | Extended Mark
Definition The human nervous system can be classified in different ways: The first classification is based on where each part of the nervous system is located: A distinction is made between the central nervous system (CNS), which consists of the brain and the spinal cord, And a peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes all other … Vegetative Nervous System
Classification of the autonomic nervous system The autonomic nervous system is divided into three parts: The enteric nervous system consists of a network of nerves embedded between the individual layers of hollow organs. These include, among others: The digestive organs are once again an exception, since this nervous system works completely independently of the central … Classification of the autonomic nervous system | Vegetative Nervous System
Synonyms brain, spinal cord, meninges Logical thinking The own consciousness Emotions / Feelings And various learning processes. Communication of nerves When one speaks of nerve cells communicating with each other, this is essentially done by releasing chemical messengers (transmitters, neurotransmitters) into the vicinity of another nerve cell (neuron). The process is therefore similar to a … CNS central nervous system
Macroscopic anatomy The CNS is protected in the area of the head by the skull bones and on the back by the vertebral bodies, which form a spinal canal inside. It continues without a sharp border into the so-called “peripheral nervous system“, which emerges with its more or less long nerve fibers from the bony … Macroscopic anatomy | CNS central nervous system
Synonym ProsencephalonThe forebrain is a part of the brain and thus belongs to the central nervous system. It includes the diencephalon (diencephalon) and the cerebrum (telencephalon). These emerge from the forebrain vesicle during the embryonic development phase of the brain. The forebrain has a multitude of functions, the cerebrum is essential for numerous processes such … Forebrain
Epithamalus The epithalamus sits on the thalamus from behind. Two important structures of the epithalamus are the pineal gland and the area pretectalis. The pineal gland produces melatonin. This is an important hormone in the mediation of the circadian rhythm and thus the sleep-wake rhythm. The area pretectalis plays a role in the switching of … Epithamalus | Forebrain
