Gallstones or Cholelithiasis

Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Test and Diagnosis

Laboratory parameters of the 1st order – obligatory laboratory tests. Blood count incl. differential blood count Inflammatory parameters – CRP (C-reactive protein) or ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Liver parameters – alanine aminotransferase (ALT, GPT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST, GOT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT, gamma-GT; GGT), alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin [elevated cholestasis parameters, esp. gamma-GT and … Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Test and Diagnosis

Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Drug Therapy

Therapeutic Targets Freedom from symptoms Avoidance of complications Therapy recommendations Symptomatic therapy can be attempted for acute symptomatic cholelithiasis: Butylscopolamine (parasympatholytic); rectal (“into the rectum”) or parenteral (“bypassing the intestine”) administration preferred! Analgesics (painkillers): paracetamol or metamizole or opioids (for severe colic)Cave! Do not use opioid analgesics except pethidine or buprenorphine! due torisk of sphincter … Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Drug Therapy

Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Diagnostic Tests

Obligatory medical device diagnostics. Abdominal ultrasonography (ultrasound examination of abdominal organs; in this case, gallbladder and liver); first-line method for suspected cholelithiasis (gallstones). [Findings: Cholelithiasis: sensitivity (percentage of diseased patients in whom the disease is detected by use of the procedure, i.e., a positive finding occurs) for detection of gallbladder stone is reported to be … Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Diagnostic Tests

Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Micronutrient Therapy

Cholelithiasis may be associated with the risk of deficiency of the following vital nutrients (micronutrients): Vitamins B2, C, D, E Secondary plant substance beta-carotene Glutathione The above vital substance recommendations were created with the help of medical experts. All statements are supported by scientific studies with high levels of evidence. For a therapy recommendation, only … Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Micronutrient Therapy

Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Surgical Therapy

The surgical procedure of choice is minimally invasive laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CHE; CCE; gallbladder removal by laparoscopy). In this procedure, surgery is performed through small openings – the abdomen no longer needs to be cut open – which allows for a shorter hospital stay, a lower complication rate, and lower costs. According to the current S3 … Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Surgical Therapy

Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Prevention

To prevent cholelithiasis (gallstones), attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Diet Too high calorie intake Too high fat diet Diet high in cholesterol High intake of refined carbohydrates Low fiber diet – Especially the insoluble fiber (eg, wheat bran) has a protective effect on the formation of gallstones. Too … Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Prevention

Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

Only about a quarter of all patients with cholelithiasis (gallstones) develop symptoms! Patients with gallstones can live symptom-free for years (silent gallstones). If the stone is located in the ductus cysticus (gallbladder duct) or ductus choledochus (common bile duct), the risk of developing symptoms is increased. More common, however, are stones in the gallbladder, which … Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Causes

Pathogenesis (development of disease) Pathogenesis includes the following factors: High levels of cholesterol in the bile fluid. Long retention time of bile in the gallbladder Incomplete gallbladder emptying Neutrophil granulocytes (belong to the leukocytes/white blood cells; specialized immune cells) contribute to the formation of gallstones: When they try to take up crystals, they die and … Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Causes

Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Therapy

If symptoms persist or if fever (>38.5 °C rectally) and/or jaundice (jaundice) occur, hospitalization is required. General Measures Aim for normal weight! Determine BMI (body mass index) or body composition using electrical impedance analysis. BMI ≥ 25 → participation in a medically supervised weight loss programNote! Reduce excess weight slowly, as rapid weight loss promotes … Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Therapy

Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Examination

A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin, mucous membranes and sclerae (white part of the eye) [due topossible sequelae: jaundice]. Abdomen (abdomen) Shape of the abdomen? Skin color? Skin texture? Efflorescences (skin changes)? Pulsations? Bowel … Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Examination

Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Medical History

Medical history (history of illness) is an important component in the diagnosis of cholelithiasis (gallstones). Family history Are there any gallbladder diseases in your family that are common? Social history Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). Have you noticed any pain in the upper abdomen? Is the pain localized on the right side? … Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Medical History

Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Respiratory System (J00-J99). Pulmonary embolism (synonyms: pulmonary thromboembolism; pulmonary artery embolism; pulmonary artery thromboembolism) – blockage of a blood vessel in the lungs usually with a thrombus (blood clot; blood clot). Cardiovascular system (I00-I99) Myocardial infarction (heart attack) Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99). Intestinal infections, unspecified Liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts-pancreas (pancreas) (K70-K77; K80-K87). Pancreatitis … Gallstones (Cholelithiasis): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis