Acute bronchitis Therapeutic Objective Drug therapy for acute bronchitis is intended to prevent the spread of pathogens with far-reaching complications. Therapy recommendations In acute bronchitis, the causative agent is >90% viral. In uncomplicated acute bronchitis, antibiotic therapy is not required (only leads to a shortening of the duration of illness by less than one day). … Bronchitis: Drug Therapy
The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by bronchiectasis: Respiratory system (J00-J99) Bronchopleural fistula Pulmonary abscess (encapsulated collection of pus in the lungs). Pleural empyema – accumulation of pus (empyema) within the pleura). Pneumonia (pneumonia) Cardiovascular system (I00-I99) Cor pulmonale – dilatation (widening) and/or hypertrophy (enlargement) of the … Bronchiectasis: Follow-up
Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, and obligatory laboratory parameters – for differential diagnostic clarification. X-ray of the chest (X-ray thorax/chest), in two planes – if pneumonia (pneumonia), structural lung disease, chronic cough (duration > 8 weeks) or presence of warning signs (see below “Symptoms – complaints”) … Bronchitis: Diagnostic Tests
A deficiency symptom may indicate that there is an insufficient supply of vital nutrients (micronutrients). The complaint bronchitis indicates a deficiency of vital nutrients for: Vitamin A The above vital substance recommendations were created with the help of medical experts. All statements are supported by scientific studies with high levels of evidence. For a therapy … Bronchitis: Micronutrient Therapy
To prevent bronchitis, attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Diet Micronutrient deficiency (vital substances) – see Prevention with micronutrients. Consumption of stimulants Tobacco (smoking, passive smoking) Lack of hygiene in times of epidemic occurrence (clustered occurrence) of respiratory infections. Environmental pollution – intoxications (poisonings). Air pollutants: particulate matter, ozone, … Bronchitis: Prevention
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate bronchitis: Acute bronchitis Leading symptoms Initially painful nonproductive cough (= dry cough; irritating cough), later productive cough (= loosening of secretion/mucus). Sputum (sputum) – tough, glassy, later purulent-yellow [Sputum color has no predictive value for the diagnosis of bacterial bronchitis, it also does not allow differentiation between pneumonia … Bronchitis: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body temperature, body weight, body height; furthermore: Inspection (viewing). Skin, mucous membranes and sclerae (white part of the eye) [halitosis, foetor ex ore]. Auscultation (listening) of the heart [due todifferential diagnosis: heart failure (cardiac insufficiency)] … Sputum: Examination
In the case of only short-term sputum in the context of acute inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, laboratory diagnostics are usually not necessary. 2nd-order laboratory parameters-depending on the results of the history, physical examination, and obligatory laboratory parameters-for differential diagnostic workup Small blood count Differential blood count Inflammatory parameters – CRP (C-reactive protein) or … Sputum: Test and Diagnosis
Therapeutic target Symptomatic therapy Therapy recommendations Expectorants/mucolytic drugs (for now) – e.g., N-acetylcysteine (ACC), bromhexine, ambroxol – until definitive therapy when diagnosis is confirmed. It is to ensure a sufficient amount of drinking (> 1.5 l / d)!
Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, and obligatory laboratory parameters – for differential diagnostic clarification. X-ray of the thorax (X-ray thorax/chest), in two planes – if structural lung diseases are suspected. Computed tomography of the thorax/chest (thoracic CT) – if tumors are suspected. Magnetic resonance imaging of … Sputum: Diagnostic Tests
The following symptoms and complaints may occur along with Sputum (sputum): Leading symptom Sputum (= excessive secretions of the mucous membranes, cells, bacteria, saliva, dust, possibly also blood (lat. sanguis) or pus (lat. pus), etc., originating from the respiratory tract). Associated symptoms Cough (lat. tussis) Foreign body sensation Hoarseness General weakness Fever Bad breath (halitosis, … Sputum: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Hemoptysis (synonyms: Sputum with blood; Coughing up blood, bloody sputum; Sputum with blood; Haemoptysis; Hemoptysis; Hemoptysis; Cough with bleeding; Cough with hemorrhage; Sputum with blood; ICD-10-GM R04.2: Hemoptysis) is the expectoration of blood from the lower airways. To be distinguished from hemoptysis is “coughed up blood” (false hemoptysis). This is blood from the nose or … Coughing Up Blood (Hemoptysis)
