Coxarthrosis – colloquially called hip osteoarthritis – (synonyms: Coxarthrosis; hip osteoarthritis (HA); osteoarthritis of the hip joint; activated coxarthrosis; ankylosing coxarthrosis; arthrosis deformans coxae; bilateral coxarthrosis; bilateral coxarthrosis secondary to dysplasia; bilateral posttraumatic coxarthrosis; bilateral primary coxarthrosis; bilateral secondary coxarthrosis; bilateral dysplastic coxarthrosis; bilateral post-traumatic coxarthrosis; bilateral primary coxarthrosis; bilateral secondary coxarthrosis; coxarthrosis; dysplasia coxarthrosis; dysplastic coxarthrosis; unilateral dysplastic coxarthrosis; Unilateral coxarthrosis; unilateral coxarthrosis secondary to dysplasia; unilateral post-traumatic coxarthrosis; unilateral primary coxarthrosis; unilateral secondary coxarthrosis; hip osteoarthritis; initial coxarthrosis; coxarthrosis; coxarthrosis secondary to dysplasia; Mild coxarthrosis; Malum coxae senile; Posttraumatic coxarthrosis; Prearthrosis of the hip; Precoxarthrosis; Primary coxarthrosis; Protrusive coxarthrosis; Severe coxarthrosis; Secondary coxarthrosis; Unilateral dysplastic coxarthrosis; Unilateral secondary coxarthrosis a. n.k. ; ICD-10-GM M16.-: Koxarthrosis [osteoarthritis of the hip joint]) is a degenerative joint disease of the hip joint. It refers to wear and tear of the cartilage surface of the acetabulum and femoral head. One hip joint may be affected or both (more commonly). Normally, cartilage, along with synovial fluid (synovial fluid), protects the joints and acts as a kind of “shock absorber.” Due to osteoarthritis, this function can no longer be guaranteed. Coxarthrosis is classified into the following forms:
- Primary coxarthrosis – bilateral (ICD-10-GM M16.0).
- Other primary coxarthrosis (ICD-10-GM M16.1)
- Coxarthrosis secondary to dysplasia – bilateral (ICD-10-GM M16.2)
- Other dysplastic coxarthrosis (ICD-10-GM M16.3)
- Posttraumatic coxarthrosis – bilateral (ICD-10-GM M16.4)
- Other post-traumatic coxarthrosis (ICD-10-GM M16.5)
- Other secondary coxarthrosis – bilateral (ICD-10-GM M16.6)
- Other secondary coxarthrosis (ICD-10-GM M16.7)
- Coxarthrosis, unspecified (ICD-10-GM M16.9)
Furthermore, a distinction is made according to the cause:
- Primary (idiopathic) coxarthrosis (cause is unknown); about 25% of cases.
- Secondary coxarthrosis – due to malformations, diseases, trauma, surgery, etc.; about 75% of cases.
After the knee joints, the hip joints are most frequently affected by degenerative changes at an older age (gonarthrosis (knee osteoarthritis): 61%; coxarthrosis: 38%). Both hip and knee joints are particularly stressed by body weight. Gender ratio: Women suffer more frequently from coxarthrosis than men. This is because women more often suffer from hip dysplasia (congenital malformation of the acetabulum leading to congenital hip luxation (dislocation of the hip joint)). Furthermore, the cartilage is less resilient due to its nature (congenital). Frequency peak: Primary coxarthrosis begins between the ages of 50 and 60. Secondary coxarthrosis occurs earlier in most cases and often affects only one side (monoarticular = one-sided joint involvement). The prevalence (disease frequency) is about 5% in the group of men over 60 years of age with clinical symptoms and about 5-6% for women over 60 years of age with clinical symptoms. Radiographic signs of Kox or Gonarthrosis are detectable in 20% of the population in the 6th decade of life. Course and prognosis: Osteoarthritis is a localized disease that can occur in only one joint. The onset of coxarthrosis is usually insidious. Usually, pain-free phases alternate with phases of acute pain (activated coxarthrosis). The disease is not curable, but adequate treatments can significantly alleviate symptoms and prevent or slow progression (progression). In therapy, the use of an artificial hip joint is the means of choice. As a result, the long-term prognosis is very good. Approximately 160,000 hip joint prostheses are implanted in Germany each year. The so-called “service life” of the endoprosthesis is about 15 years on average.
