The hormone belonging to the parathyroid gland is the parathyroid hormone, a hormone composed of protein (peptide hormone), which is produced in the main cells of the parathyroid glands. The formation and secretion of the parathyroid hormone is regulated by the concentration of calcium in the blood. A low level promotes the supply of parathyroid hormone, while a high level prevents it.
As a representative of the parathyroid hormones, parathyroid hormone has its function in the calcium balance, whereby it causes an increase in a low level of calcium in the blood. This happens through the influence of the hormone on bones, intestines and kidneys. In the bone, the cells that break down bone (osteoclasts) are stimulated, so that calcium is released from the bone as it breaks down.
In addition, parathormone stimulates the formation of calcitriol in the kidneys, which in turn increases the absorption of calcium through the intestines. Finally, the hormone also has an effect on phosphate metabolism, which is closely linked to the calcium balance.
