Surgical therapy
- Liver transplantation (LTx) – for homozygous hypercholesterolemia (LDL lowering up to 80%).
- Partial ileum bypass (elimination of about 15% of the lower segment of the small intestine (terminal ileum) by bypass/surgical bridging) – (LDL lowering 25-38%).
- Portocaval shunt (PSS; vascular connection (= shunt) between the portal vein system, which collects blood from the intestine, stomach, and spleen and supplies it to the liver, and the inferior vena cava (inferior vena cava)) – (LDL lowering up to 25 %)
Notice. Due to the effectiveness of modern pharmacotherapy, surgical therapeutic options such as partial ileum bypass and portocaval shunt are not used nowadays. If these surgical procedures are performed in a patient because of another indication, their lipid-lowering effect should be considered. It may be possible to forgo the continuation of drug therapy.
