1st order
- Abrasio (histology) – scraping of the mucosa of the uterus so that it can then be examined histologically (fine tissue).
- Surgical removal of fibroids (benign uterine growths) or polyps.
- Endometrial ablation – gentle and low-complication removal of the endometrium for the treatment of excessive menstrual bleeding(s) when family planning has been completed.
- First generation methods:
- Snare resection
- Roller ball
- Yag laser
- Microwave coagulation
- Second generation methods:
- Balloon catheter
- Cryosurgical procedures
- Hydrothermablation
- Bipolar three-dimensional mesh (see below gold mesh method).
- First generation methods:
- Hysterectomy/vasectomy (supracervical, total) – is indicated only after failure of endometrial ablation.
Further notes
- In recent years, a non-surgical, outpatient therapy option with few side effects and gentle pain has emerged with the so-called MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) guided focused ultrasound therapy (MRgFUS) (synonym: MR-HIFU = Magnetic Resonance High Intensity Focused Ultrasound). For more information, see “Focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) of fibroids“.