Products
Immunostimulants are commercially available, for example, as drops, lozenges, tablets, powders, and effervescent tablets. They are approved as drugs or dietary supplements.
Structure and properties
Immunostimulants do not have a uniform chemical structure.
Effects
Immunostimulants have immunostimulant properties, meaning that they are thought to promote immune system activity and thus reduce susceptibility to infectious diseases. Their efficacy is controversial in the scientific literature. It must also be noted that the immune system is partly responsible for disease symptoms. Therefore, “strengthening” it is not desirable in every case. The individual success of therapy is also difficult to assess. Since they are usually well tolerated, a therapy trial is possible.
Areas of application
For the prevention of infectious diseases, especially respiratory diseases such as a cold or flu. In 2020, immunostimulants were used for the prevention of coronavirus disease Covid-19.
Dosage
According to the package insert.
Active ingredients
Typical examples are (selection): minerals and trace elements:
- Zinc
- Selenium
Herbal medicines:
- Berry extracts, polyphenols
- Echinacea
- Ginseng
- Ginger
- Garlic
- Cistus
Probiotics:
- Probiotics and prebiotics
Vitamins:
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin D
Contraindications
Contraindications include (selection):
- Hypersensitivity
- Autoimmune diseases
Full precautions can be found in the drug label.
Adverse effects
Adverse effects depend on the products used. Possible side effects include hypersensitivity reactions and gastrointestinal symptoms.
