Products
Interferon beta-1a is commercially available as a solution for injection (Avonex, Rebif). It has been approved in many countries since 1997.
Structure and properties
Interferon beta-1a is a recombinant protein biotechnologically derived from CHO cells. It consists of 166 amino acids, has the same amino acid sequence as natural interferon beta, and is glycosylated like it.
Effects
Interferon beta-1a (ATC L03AB07) has antiviral, antiproliferative, antitumor, and immunomodulatory properties. It slows disease progression, decreases the frequency of relapses, and reduces their severity.
Indications
For the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and clinical isolated syndrome (CIS).
Dosage
According to the SmPC. The solution for injection is usually administered subcutaneously three times per week (intramuscular/Avonex: once per week).
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Patients with severe depression and/or suicidal ideation.
For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Interactions
Interferons are known to be CYP inhibitors. Corresponding drug-drug interactions are possible.
Adverse effects
The most common possible adverse effects include blood count abnormalities, digestive problems, elevation of liver enzyme levels, rash, injection site reactions, headache, and flu-like symptoms. The flu-like symptoms can be treated with acetaminophen, for example. Interferons can rarely cause liver injury.
