Introduction
The term “internal organs” is generally used to refer to the organs located in the thoracic and abdominal cavity. Thus organs of the: Internal organs do not work independently of each other, but belong to an organ system. For example, the intestine, liver and pancreas, as the so-called digestive system, jointly process food.
The respiratory system is made up of the internal organs lung and respiratory tract; the circulatory system is made up of the heart, blood vessels and blood. There are countless diseases that affect the internal organs, some examples are bladder weakness, stomach ulcers, cirrhosis of the liver or kidney failure.
- Cardiovascular system,
- Blood and defense system,
- Endocrine systems (hormonal glands),
- Respiratory tract,
- Digestive system,
- Urogenital system (urinary and sexual organs).
The cardiovascular system is formed by the internal organs heart and blood vessels.
The “bloodstream” or vascular system is the flow system of the blood. Blood vessels that lead to the heart are called veins or blood vessels, whereas blood vessels that lead away from the heart are called arteries or arteries. The blood vessels become more branched and smaller in diameter the further away they are from the heart.
Thus, the large arteries near the heart first become smaller arterioles and then very small capillaries that supply the tissue. Several capillaries are brought together again to form venules, which become large veins on their way back to the heart. The heart (cor) is the internal organ that ensures the supply of all organs by rhythmically pumping (contracting) blood through the body.
Cardiology is the study of the structure, function and diseases of the heart and the doctor who deals with the heart is the cardiologist. The heart lies within the pericardium (pericardium) and weighs about 0.5 percent of the body weight. It is divided into a right and a left half of the heart, each consisting of a chamber and an atrium.
Through the four heart valves, the blood can flow between the heart chambers in one direction only. Oxygen-rich blood flows from the pulmonary circulation into the left atrium and reaches the left chamber via the mitral valve. From there it is pumped into the aorta, the main artery of the body’s circulation. Low-oxygen blood flows from the body’s circulation into the right atrium, through the tricuspid valve into the right chamber and from there it is pumped back into the lungs, where the blood is enriched with oxygen again. The so-called coronary arteries run along the heart and supply the heart itself with blood and nutrients.