Iridocyclitis: Causes

Pathogenesis (development of disease)

Iridocyclitis can occur in many different diseases. Often, there is an immunologic cause (allergic-hypergic reaction to bacterial toxins).

Etiology (Causes)

Biographic causes

Disease-related causes

Eyes and eye appendages (H00-H59).

  • Heterochromocyclitis – chronic inflammation of the ciliary body associated with different coloration of the iris.
  • Idiopathic (with no apparent cause) iridocyclitis.
  • Sympathetic ophthalmia – inflammation of the medial ocular membrane that occurs after injury/surgery and is seen in the healthy eye.

Blood, blood-forming organs – immune system (D50-D90).

Skin and subcutaneous (L00-L99).

  • Psoriasis (psoriasis)

Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).

  • Lyme disease – infectious disease caused by Borrelia and transmitted by ticks.
  • Brucellosis – infectious disease caused by different types of the genus Brucella.
  • Histoplasmosis – infectious disease caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum.
  • Leprosy – chronic tropical infectious disease.
  • Listeriosis – infectious disease caused by listeria.
  • Weil’s disease (Leptospirosis icterohaemorrhagica) – infectious disease caused by leptospires.
  • Relapsing fever
  • Syphilis (Lues)
  • Toxoplasmosis – infectious disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii.
  • Tuberculosis
  • Viral infection
  • Yersiniosis – infectious disease caused by Yersinia.

Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).

Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99).

  • Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA; synonyms: juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), juvenile chronic arthritis, JCA) – chronic inflammatory disease of the joints (arthritis) of the rheumatoid type in childhood (juvenile) of unknown cause (idiopathic) → uveitis (inflammation of the middle skin of the eye, which consists of the choroid (choroid), the corpus ciliare (cornea), and the iris).
  • Bekhterev’s disease (ankylosing spondylitis) – chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease that affects only the spine and its boundary joints.
  • Behçet’s disease (synonym: Adamantiades-Behçet’s disease; Behçet’s disease; Behçet’s aphthae) – multisystem disease from the rheumatic form circle, which is associated with recurrent, chronic vasculitis (vascular inflammation) of the small and large arteries and mucosal inflammation; The triad (the occurrence of three symptoms) of aphthae (painful, erosive mucosal lesions) in the mouth and aphthous genital ulcers (ulcers in the genital region), as well as uveitis (inflammation of the middle eye skin, which consists of the choroid (choroid), the corpus ciliary (corpus ciliare) and the iris), is stated as typical for the disease; a defect in cellular immunity is suspected
  • Reactive arthritis (synonym: postinfectious arthritis / joint inflammation) – second disease after gastrointestinal (gastrointestinal tract concerning), urogenital (urinary and genital organs concerning) or pulmonary (lungs concerning) infections; denotes an arthritis, where pathogens in the joint (usually) can not be found (sterile synovialitis).
  • Reiter’s disease (synonyms: Reiter’s syndrome; Reiter’s disease; arthritis dysenterica; polyarthritis enterica; postenteritic arthritis; posturethritic arthritis; undifferentiated oligoarthritis; urethro-oculo-synovial syndrome; Fiessinger-Leroy syndrome; Sexually acquired reactive arthritis (SARA)) – special form of “reactive arthritis” (see above.); secondary disease after gastrointestinal or urogenital infections, characterized by the symptomatology of Reiter’s triad; seronegative spondyloarthropathy, which is triggered especially in HLA-B27 positive persons by an intestinal or urinary tract disease with bacteria (mostly chlamydia); Can manifest as arthritis (joint inflammation), conjunctivitis (conjunctivitis), urethritis (urethritis) and partly with typical skin changes.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis

Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48)

  • Malignancies – malignant neoplasms, unspecified.

Injuries, poisonings, and other sequelae of external causes (S00-T98).