General information
The leg, also called the free lower extremity in medical terminology, serves primarily as a means of locomotion. – Stand and the
- Locomotion.
Function
Because of the individual parts of the leg, it is possible for a person to stand and walk upright on two legs. The individual joints and the numerous muscles play a major role in this. The individual bones of the leg are constructed in such a way that they can hold the entire body in a standing position. In addition to mediating pain, the nerves serve above all to keep the muscles functioning and to transmit a secure standing position so that the person can maintain balance. – Hip,
- Knee and
- Foot.
Anatomy
The leg consists of the The individual bony structures are connected to each other by the aforementioned joints. The buttocks consist of three large muscles, which serve the stance and gait as well as the thigh and lower leg. In the hip joint there is a
- Buttocks, the
- Hip joint,
- Thighs,
- Knee joint,
- Lower leg, the
- Upper and lower ankle joint, and the
- Tarsal bones and the
- Toes.
- Bending (flexion) and
- Extension, and a
- Pre-accession (adduction) and
- Abduction of the thigh possible. A slight inner and outer rotation can also be performed in the hip joint. The hip joint is connected to the largest tubular bone in the human body.
This is called the femur (thigh bone). Its distal end (distal) forms the knee joint together with the tibia of the lower leg. Bending and stretching movements are also possible in this joint.
Slight inner and outer rotation is also possible. The lower leg itself consists of two bony structures. The shin bone (tibia) and the calf bone (fibula).
The fibula itself serves primarily as the origin and starting point of various muscles. The upper ankle joint is connected to the distal end of the lower leg. This is created by the articulated connection between the malleolar fork and the anklebone (talus).
The malleolus fork is formed by the In the upper ankle joint, the movement of the foot is mainly possible upwards (dorsal extension) and downwards (plantar flexion). The upper ankle joint is followed by the lower ankle joint. This is formed by the connection between the ankle bone (talus) and the metatarsal bones.
In this joint, the inner edge of the foot is moved inwards (supination) and the outer edge of the foot is lifted outwards (pronation). This is followed by the numerous small joints of both the metatarsus and the toes, which are connected to each other and enable the fine movements of the foot. However, all these movements in the joints are innervated by the numerous muscles of the metatarsal and toe, which are connected to each other and enable the fine movements of the foot.
In addition, numerous vessels run along the leg, which supply the leg with blood. These originate from the large pelvic arteries and branch out further and further along their course, so that they ultimately supply the entire leg up to the toes. The venous blood returns in a similar way, i.e. from the toes up to the large pelvic veins.
- However, the shinbone has the much more important function and contributes significantly to the statics of the leg. In addition, only the shinbone has an articulated connection to the thigh. – The calf bone, on the other hand, is much thinner and has only a slight connection to the shin bone at its part near the body, but this does not take on a major function. – Outer and
- Inner ankle formed by the tibia and fibula. – Upper..,
- Lower leg and
- Foot enabled.