Introduction
The lower leg is a part of the leg and lies between the foot and the thigh. These parts are connected to each other by corresponding joints. The lower leg itself consists of It is mainly used for locomotion and statics, so that the person can stand and walk safely. In addition, the muscles of the lower leg are mainly responsible for the movement of the foot and toes, which ensures safe walking.
- Two bony structures, and
- Numerous muscles,
- Nerves and
- Vessels, which are shown in the following.
Bones
The lower leg consists of two bony parts, the tibia and fibula are long tubular bones whose shaft is the diaphysis. The head of both bones is the epiphysis. However, only the tibia is in articulated connection with the thigh.
This is much stronger and functionally more important than the fibula. The tibia carries the static weight and represents the articulated connection to the adjacent structures. The proximal end of the tibia is widened and, like the thigh, has a cartilage-free surface (eminentia intercondylaris) in between.
At the front of the tibia there is a bony protrusion, the tibial tuberosity. This is where the patellar ligament (Ligamentum patellae) comes in. In addition, the lateral condyle has an oval joint surface with which the fibula articulates.
The shaft of the tibia is elongated and is called the corpus tibiae.
- Fibula (fibula) and the
- Shin bone (tibia).
- Lateral (lateral) and a
- Middle (medial) joint gnarl (condyle).
The shinbone forms a thickening, the inner ankle (malleolus medialis). Together with the outer ankle of the fibula, this forms the malleolus fork, which is part of the ankle joint.
The fibula is located at the side of the tibia. It is mainly used as the base and origin of various muscles, and to form the malleolar fork. The head of the fibula (Caput fibulae) is in contact with the tibia via a jointed connection.
The fibula has no direct contact with the femur. The main part of the fibula is also known as the corpus fibulae, and its various sides serve primarily as the point of origin and attachment of the individual muscles. At the distal end of the fibula, it also merges into an ankle, the external ankle (lateral malleolus). Since the outer malleolus is much more delicate than the inner malleolus, fractures occur more frequently here
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