Pathogenesis (development of disease)
The foot consists of many corresponding joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, which together form a functional unit. In the foot, one can distinguish the medial and lateral columns of the foot, as well as the hindfoot, midfoot and forefoot. The foot shows a longitudinal arch (rises on the inside of the foot, from the heel to the ball of the forefoot) and a transverse arch (stretches out under the metatarsal bones).The arches allow for cushioning of the load.A fallen foot is when the longitudinal arch flattens out (making the foot longer). At the same time, the foot sinks inward. A splayfoot is when the transverse arch flattens. The spreading of the metatarsal bones makes the forefoot wider. The load is then no longer only on the 1st and 5th metatarsal rays, but also on the middle three rays, which, however, are not able to withstand this load. A fallen splayfoot is present when both arches are flattened.
Etiology (Causes)
Behavioral causes
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Frequent standing
- Frequent carrying of heavy loads
- Immobilization of the feet in the wrong footwear. This often prevents the necessary training stimulus on the foot muscles.
- Improper footwear frequent wearing of shoes with high heels; the higher the heels, the greater the load on the forefoot.
Disease-related causes.
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).
- Obesity (obesity)
Further
- Weak foot muscles
