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Sputnik V is a Covid-19 vaccine developed in Russia and the first vaccine from this group to be registered on August 11, 2020 (Gamaleya National Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology). The name is derived from the Sputnik satellite, which was the first satellite placed in Earth orbit by the Soviet Union in 1957. Sputnik accelerated the so-called race to space (Space Race). Russia’s rapid and propagandistic approach was criticized worldwide. Phase III clinical trials with tens of thousands of participants will not be conducted until registration.
Structure and properties
The vaccine consists of adenoviruses containing DNA encoding the coronavirus spike protein (S). The vectors for the first and for the second vaccination differ. The first vector is AD26 (adenovirus type 26, rAd26), and the second is AD5 (adenovirus type 5, rAd5).
Effects
After administration of the vaccine, the adenoviruses enter cells, where the spike protein is formed from DNA. The S protein is an antigen that elicits an immune response and leads to the formation of antibodies. This immune response protects against infection with SARS-CoV-2.
Indications
For active immunization against covid-19 and thus prevention of infectious disease.
Dosage
According to the SmPC. The drug is administered as an intramuscular injection on day 0. Another injection is given on day 21.
Contraindications
For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Adverse effects
The most common possible adverse effects include pain at the injection site, fever, headache, weakness, and muscle and joint pain.