What is thrombocytosis?
In thrombocytosis, the number of platelets is abnormally increased. Normally, their value in adults is between 150,000 and 400,000 per microliter (µl) of blood. If the measured value is higher, thrombocytosis is present. However, only platelet counts above 600,000 per microliter of blood are usually clinically relevant. Sometimes a value of more than 500,000 per microliter is also given as a criterion for thrombocytosis.
Thrombocytosis: Causes
Very often, it is a temporary (transient) thrombocytosis that occurs, for example, after acute bleeding, surgery, childbirth, or some infections. The number of platelets is also increased after surgical removal of the spleen (splenectomy).
Occasionally, certain inflammatory diseases lead to persistent thrombocytosis, such as rheumatoid arthritis, chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis) or tuberculosis. The number of platelets can also be abnormally increased as a result of tumors (especially lung cancer).
Thrombocytosis: Symptoms
Thrombocytosis usually does not cause any symptoms. Only if it exists for a long time or/and is very pronounced, symptoms may occur. These include:
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
- Nosebleeds
- Night sweats
- Bleeding gums
- Calf cramps
- Visual disturbances
Thrombocytosis: What to do?
Thrombocytosis usually does not require treatment. Only if the blood circulation in the small vessels of the body is disturbed due to a strongly increased platelet count, a blood-thinning therapy must be started. In addition, the cause of thrombocytosis must be clarified and, if necessary, treated.
