The hypoglossal nerve is the twelfth cranial nerve. The motor nerve innervates the tongue muscles. Paralysis of the nerve results in speech and swallowing disorders. What is the hypoglossal nerve? The tongue is a mucosa-covered muscular organ. As such, it is involved in everyday human life with countless movements. Humans need the tongue and its … Hypoglossal Nerve: Structure, Function & Diseases
A nerve is a closed, rope-like bundle of nerve fibers with a sheath of connective tissue in the peripheral nervous system. This interacts with other nerves to form the pathway for electrochemical impulses to be transmitted along the nerve fibers to peripheral organs. What are nerves? Schematic diagram showing the anatomy and structure of a … Nerves: Structure, Function & Diseases
According to training theory, eccentric contraction is one of the 3 possible forms of muscle work, along with isometrics and concentrics. It plays an important role in movement sequences in everyday life and in sports. What is eccentric contraction? Eccentric muscle work is characterized by lengthening a muscle while simultaneously contracting it. Eccentric muscle work … Eccentric Contraction: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
When weeping, the lacrimal glands of the eyes secrete more tear fluid. In the case of foreign bodies in the eye, crying is thus a physical protective reflex. Emotional tears differ from these reflex tears in composition and are thought to serve social interaction. What is crying? When we cry, the lacrimal glands of the … Crying: Function, Task & Diseases
Doctors speak of so-called bolus death when a foreign body that is too large, usually a morsel of food, gets stuck between the larynx and esophagus and triggers a reflex cardiac arrest by irritating the upper laryngeal nerve. The term “bolus death” derives from the Greek word “bolos” – “lump.” What is a bolus death? … Bolus Death: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a nerve disease that causes gradual immobility and paralysis of the muscles. The disease is progressive and cannot be cured. However, supportive therapies can slow the progression and have a beneficial effect. What is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a chronic disease of the nervous system in … Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
The facial muscles are a complex structure that performs important tasks and is an expression of both physical and mental well-being. What are facial muscles? Facial muscles include all 26 muscles located in the area of the human face. In medical terminology, facial muscles are referred to as the mimic muscles. Because they do not … Facial Muscles: Structure, Function & Diseases
Neurological symptoms that occur due to damage to the pyramidal tract are referred to as pyramidal tract signs. In total, there are more than twelve different pathologic reflexes that are considered pyramidal tract signs. They provide evidence of damage to the motor cortex or of diseases such as multiple sclerosis or ALS. What are pyramidal … Pyramid Orbit Signs: Function, Task & Diseases
Isometric contraction, unlike dynamic contraction, is a static form of muscle work. It plays the crucial role in all demands where stability is required. What is isometric contraction? Isometric contraction is a form of muscle work in which the tension increases while the length of the muscle remains the same. Isometric contraction is a form … Isometric Contraction: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
The Mendel-Bechterew reflex is a foot reflex from the Babinski group that is categorized as a pyramidal tract sign. The pathologic reflex movement may suggest damage to the central motor neurons. Such damage presents, for example, in the context of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). What is the Mendel-Bechterew reflex? For example, when the top of … Mendel-Bechterew Reflex: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Synonyms Charcot’s disease; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; myatrophic lateral sclerosis; Lou Gehrig’s syndrome; motor neuron disease; abb. ALS Definition Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive, degenerative disease of the nerve cells that control the muscles (motor neurons), which can lead to spastic as well as flaccid paralysis in the entire body. Due to the breathing and … Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Symptoms Two motor nerve cells are connected in series for muscle excitation. The first motor neuron originates in the brain and is switched to the second motor neuron in the spinal cord at the level where it connects to a peripheral nerve to reach the corresponding muscle. If the second motor neuron (peripheral nerve) is … Symptoms | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
