Beta-secretase belongs to the protease family. It is involved in the formation of beta-amyloid, which plays important roles in information transmission in the brain. At the same time, beta-secretase and beta-amyloid play important roles in the development of Alzheimer’s disease. What is beta-secretase? Beta-secretase belongs to the group of proteases that break down proteins at … Beta-secretase: Function & Diseases
Atrophy is a reduction in the size of a tissue or organ. The cells of the affected area lose volume and mass. This can have both physiologic and pathologic causes. What is atrophy? Atrophy is tissue loss caused by a decrease in the number of cells in tissues and organs. This results in a partial … Atrophy: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Barber-Say syndrome is a rare inherited disorder with increased hairiness and striking facial physiognomy. To date, only ten cases have been documented since it was first described, so research into the syndrome is in its infancy. Neither the heredity nor the cause of the disease is known in detail so far. What is Barber-Say syndrome? … Barber-Say Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
The term catabolism covers all metabolic processes of the body in the course of which the complex and sometimes high-molecular proteins, carbohydrates (polysaccharides), and fats are broken down into their simpler building blocks, usually with the generation of energy. The individual building blocks are then available for the synthesis of new required substances or are … Catabolism: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Muscle fibrils are muscle fiber elements composed primarily of the proteins actin and myosin. These two proteins are the contractile elements of muscle that work together to implement muscle movement. In nemaline myopathy, the muscle fibrils change to a spindle shape, causing muscle weakness. What is a muscle fibril? Muscle fibers or muscle fiber cells … Muscle Fibrils: Structure, Function & Diseases
In progressive bulbar paralysis, the motor cranial nerve nuclei of the trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus, and hypoglossal nerves die. This atrophy results in paralysis of the face and esophagus. Similar symptomatology characterizes ALS, so progressive bulbar paralysis is sometimes referred to as an ALS subtype. What is progressive bulbar paralysis? Progressive bulbar palsy is a … Progressive Bulbar Paralysis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Duodenitis is the medical term for an inflammation of the duodenal mucosa. It can take both an acute and a chronic course. What is duodenitis? Duodenitis is an inflammation of the lining of the duodenum. The name duodenum comes from the fact that this part of the body is about twelve fingers wide. The duodenum … Duodenitis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Radial abduction is a flexion movement of the hand or fingers toward the radius, as performed in the proximal wrist by five hand muscles. The range for movement toward the thumb side is up to 20 degrees. Radial abduction may be impaired in muscle disease. What is radial abduction? Radial abduction is a flexion movement … Radial Abduction: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Alexander disease is a very rare fatal disorder that destroys the white matter in the brain and spinal cord. It is also known as Alexander syndrome, Alexander disease, and dysmyelinogenic leukodystrophy. What is Alexander disease? Pathologist William Stewart Alexander first described Alexander disease as a disorder. It is one of the leukodystrophy disorders. These are … Alexanders Disease: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
On the back, the thoracodorsal nerve innervates the large back muscle and the large round muscle. Both play an important role in arm movements. Lesions occur, for example, in neuralgic shoulder amyotrophy and arm plexus palsy. What is the thoracodorsal nerve? The thoracodorsal nerve belongs to the peripheral nervous system and is one of the … Thoracodorsal Nerve: Structure, Function & Diseases
Hypertelorism is an abnormally large distance between the eyes that does not necessarily have pathological value. When the phenomenon is present in the context of malformation syndromes, it has pathologic significance and is usually due to a genetic mutation. Treatment of hypertelorism is usually not indicated, but may improve the quality of life of the … Hypertelorism: Causes, Treatment & Help
The scalenus medius muscle is the longest scalenus muscle and is classified as a neck muscle and respiratory accessory muscle. The skeletal muscle is also called the middle rib elevator and, when contracted bilaterally, enlarges the thorax to facilitate forced inspiration. With the scalenus anterior muscle, the muscle forms the scalenus gap, which gains pathologic … Musculus Scalenus Medius: Structure, Function & Diseases
