Guanethidine is a drug used in the therapy of hypertension (high blood pressure) and in local anesthesia to numb certain nerves. The main pharmaceutical producer of guanethidine is the company Alcon, which markets the active ingredient under the name Thilodigon. Thus, guanethidine represents both an antihypertensive and an antisympathotonic agent. What is guanethidine? Guanethidine is … Guanethidine: Effects, Uses & Risks
Observation of birds or, for example, sharks reveals in their activity a well-coordinated and rapid movement, which, however, is rather crude and instinctive. The motor activity of such animals is controlled by the extrapyramidal system in the brain, while in humans and other mammals this motor system is joined by a more highly developed one. … Pyramidal System: Structure, Function & Diseases
The spinal ganglion is a collection of nerve cell bodies at the roots of the spinal nerves. Sensory information from the peripheral nervous system reaches the central nervous system through the spinal ganglia. in diseases such as Friedreich’s ataxia, the spinal ganglia degenerate and cause movement disorders. What is the dorsal root ganglion? Ganglion is … Spinal Ganglion: Structure, Function & Diseases
Schwann cells are a type of glial cell, such as those that serve to stabilize and nourish nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system. They also wrap around the axons of medullary nerve fibers, providing them with insulating myelin. In inflammatory demyelinating diseases in the peripheral nervous system, the myelin of the cells is destroyed … Schwann Cell: Structure, Function & Diseases
The olfactory cortex, or olfactory brain, is the three-layered part of the cerebrum located above the eye sockets that is responsible for olfactory perception and processing. Although it has little more cortical capacity in humans, it allows discrimination of up to a trillion different odors and projects olfactory perceptions directly to brain areas of memory … Olfactory Cortex: Structure, Function & Diseases
The olfactory bulb or bulbus olfactorius processes sensory stimuli from the nose and is part of the olfactory pathway. It is located at the frontal lobe base of the brain and has special types of neurons called mitral, brush, and granule cells. Damage and functional impairment in the olfactory bulb result in various olfactory disorders. … Olfactory Bulb: Structure, Function & Diseases
The praecentral gyrus is a part of the brain and is home to the primary motor cortex, which is interconnected with central motor neurons and the pyramidal tracts. The area of the brain is considered the center of movement control. In lesions, irreversible movement disorders, spasticity, or paralysis often occur. What is the praecentral gyrus? … Praecentral Gyrus: Structure, Function & Diseases
The reflex arc is the shortest neuronal connection between receptors and target organs and initiates a body reflex. Input occurs via the afferent limb of the arc, whereas output occurs via the efferent limb. Changes in reflex arches can be diagnosed by electrophysiologic examination. What is the reflex arc? In general, the term reflex arc … Reflex Sheet: Function, Task & Diseases
Aquacobalamin is one of the B12 vitamins. As such, it participates in the synthesis of amino acids. Deficiency of aquacobalamin and other cobalamins can lead to severe disorders that may include irreversible neurological damage. What is aquacobalamin? Aquacobalamin or aquocobalamin belongs to the vitamin B12 group, which are also known as cobalamins in biology. The … Aquacobalamin: Function & Diseases
Transcobalamin is a transport protein that carries vitamin B12. This vitamin plays an important role as a cofactor for various enzymes, especially those that function in the metabolism of amino acids. What is transcobalamin? Transcobalamin is a globulin. It is also known as R-binder protein or haptocorrin. Globulins are transport proteins in the human body. … Transcobalamin: Function & Diseases
The pyramidal tract is the longest nerve pathway in the body and transmits motor impulses from the first motoneuron in the brain to the second motoneuron in the spinal cord. Thus, it plays a high role in voluntary motor function and is part of the pyramidal system. Damage to the pyramidal pathway causes spastic and … Pyramidal Tract: Structure, Function & Diseases
Synonym axial cyinder, Neurit General information The term axon is used to describe the tubular extension of a nerve cell that transmits impulses originating from the nerve cell body to the farthest reaches. Within the axon is a fluid, the axoplasm, which corresponds to the cell content (cytoplasm) of other cells. Here are cell organelles … Axon
