A nucleoside always consists of a nucleic base linked to the monosaccharide ribose or deoxyribose by an N-glycosidic bond. All 5 nucleic bases – the building blocks of DNA and RNA double and single helices – can be enzymatically converted into nucleosides. Some glycosides have physiological significance such as adenosine, which is the basic building … Nucleosides: Function & Diseases
Inosine is a nucleoside of RNA belonging to the purine base group and is synthesized from the nucleic base adenine via the intermediate hypoxanthine. The rarely occurring inosine with attached D-ribose as a sugar molecule has special functions. As the only nucleic base, inosine has the possibility, in the phosphorylated form as a nucleotide, to … Inosine: Function & Diseases
Xanthine oxidase is responsible for converting purines into uric acid during their breakdown. Deficiency or inhibition of the enzyme results in lowered uric acid levels in the blood. What is xanthine oxidase? Xanthine oxidase is an enzyme that initiates (catalyzes) the reaction of hypoxanthine over xanthine to uric acid. It contains a non-protein moiety as … Xanthine Oxidase: Function & Diseases
Guanine is an important nitrogen base and has a central role in nucleic acid metabolism in the organism. It can be synthesized in the body from amino acids. However, due to the high energy expenditure of this reaction, its recovery often occurs via the salvage pathway. What is guanine? Guanine is one of the five … Guanine: Function & Diseases
Guanosine is the nucleoside of the purine base guanine and is formed by the addition of the simple sugar ribose. If deoxyribose, rather than ribose, is attached, it is deoxyguanosine. Guanosine is a component of the helices and double helices of RNA. The analogue deoxyguanosine is part of DNA. Guanosine, as a guanosine triphosphate (GTP) … Guanosine: Function & Diseases
Ribothymidine is a nucleoside that is a building block of tRNA and rRNA. As such, it plays an important role in numerous metabolic processes. What is ribothymidine? Ribothymidine is also known as 5-methyluridine. It is a nucleoside. Nucleosides are single molecules of tRNA and rRNA that occur within cells. The tRNA or transfer DNA is … Ribothymidine: Function & Diseases
