What is a chromosome analysis? Chromosomal analysis is a cytogenetic method used to detect numerical or structural chromosomal aberrations. Such an analysis would be used, for example, in cases of immediate suspicion of a chromosomal syndrome, i.e. malformations (dysmorphies) or mental retardation (retardation), but also in infertility, regular miscarriages (abortions) and also certain types of … What is a chromosome analysis? | Chromosomes
Definition – What are chromosomes? The genetic material of a cell is stored in the form of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and its bases (adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine). In all eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi) this is present in the cell nucleus in the form of chromosomes. A chromosome consists of a single, coherent DNA … Chromosomes
Phosphates are a series of chemical compounds that contain phosphorus. For example, they are found in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) – the primary energy source in the body. Increased phosphate concentration in the blood is associated with kidney disorders, among other things. What are phosphates? Phosphates are formed from orthophosphoric acid. As salts of orthophosphoric acid, … Phosphates: Function & Diseases
Products Flucytosine is commercially available as an infusion solution (Ancotil). Although it would also be available orally, in many countries only drugs for parenteral administration are available. Structure and properties Flucytosine (C4H4FN3O, Mr = 129.1 g/mol) is a nucleoside analog of the pyrimidine base cytosine. Effects Flucytosine (ATC D01AE21, ATC J02AX01) has antifungal (fungistatic) properties. … Flucytosine
Cytidine belongs to the nucleosides and is composed of the nucleic base cytosine and the sugar ribose. It forms a base pair with guanosine via hydrogen bonding. It also plays a central role in pyrimidine metabolism. What is cytidine? Cytidine represents a nucleoside composed of cytosine and ribose. The nitrogen base cytosine is involved in … Cytidine: Function & Diseases
Replication in biology refers to the duplication of genetic information that the human body stores in the form of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Certain enzymes copy the genes, preserving half of the original DNA strand. Biology therefore also refers to semiconservative replication. What is replication? Replication is a biological process that multiplies deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA … Replication: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Nucleases are enzymes whose function is to degrade nucleic acids such as ribonucleic acid or deoxyribonucleic acid. This is referred to as complete or partial digestion of the substrate. What are nucleases? Nucleases are generally responsible for the degradation of nucleic acids. In this process, the nucleic acid can be degraded from the ends of … Nucleases: Function & Diseases
Nucleic bases are the building blocks that, in their phosphorylated nucleotide form, make up the long chains of DNA and RNA molecules. In DNA, which forms rope ladder-like double strands, the 4 occurring nucleic bases form tight pairings with the respective complementary base via hydrogen bonds. The nucleic bases consist of either a bicyclic purine … Nucleic Bases: Function & Diseases
Nucleic acids are composed of a string of individual nucleotides to form macromolecules and, as the main component of genes in cell nuclei, are carriers of hereditary information, and they catalyze many biochemical reactions. The individual nucleotides each consist of a phosphate and a nucleic base moiety as well as the pentose ring molecule ribose … Nucleic Acids: Function & Diseases
Splicing represents a crucial process during transcription in the nucleus of eukaryotes, in which mature mRNA emerges from pre-mRNA. In this process, introns that are still present in the pre-mRNA after transcription are removed, and the remaining exons are combined to form the final mRNA. What is splicing? The first step in gene expression is … Splicing: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Pseudouridine is a nucleoside that is a building block of RNA. As such, it is primarily a component of transfer RNA (tRNA) and is involved in translation. What is pseudouridine? Pseudouridine is a basic component of tRNA and consists of two building blocks: the nucleic base uracil and the sugar β-D-ribofuranose. Biology also refers to … Pseudouridine: Function & Diseases
A nucleoside always consists of a nucleic base linked to the monosaccharide ribose or deoxyribose by an N-glycosidic bond. All 5 nucleic bases – the building blocks of DNA and RNA double and single helices – can be enzymatically converted into nucleosides. Some glycosides have physiological significance such as adenosine, which is the basic building … Nucleosides: Function & Diseases
