Nervous tissue is organized into a network of glial cells and neurons. While neurons serve as conduits for excitation, glial cells perform organizational functions. Inflammation, necrosis, and space-occupying lesions in the nervous system can cause permanent damage to nervous tissue. What is nervous tissue? In anatomy, nervous tissue refers to interconnected neurons or nerve cells. … Nervous Tissue: Structure, Function & Diseases
In gynecology, the ovarian follicle is a unit consisting of female oocytes, epithal granulosa cells, and the two surrounding connective tissue fringes, theca interna and theca externa, which are localized to the ovarian cortex at advanced stages of follicular maturation. The ovarian follicle and in particular its anatomical auxiliary cells themselves perform important tasks in … Ovarian Follicles: Structure, Function & Diseases
Transcytosis is a type of mass transfer in which a specific substance is taken up into the cell via endocytosis and released back into the extracellular space by exocytosis. Transcytosis is receptor-driven and occurs primarily in the epithelium of the intestine, at the blood–brain barrier, and in the placenta. The consequences of disruption of transcytosis … Transcytosis: Function, Role & Diseases
The lymphatic pharyngeal ring is also known as Waldeyer’s pharyngeal ring. It extends in the area of the mouth, pharynx, and nasal cavity and is part of the lymphatic system. What is the lymphatic pharyngeal ring? The lymphatic pharyngeal ring is a collection of so-called lymphoepithelial tissue in the nasopharynx. Lymphoepithelial organs, unlike lymphoreticular organs, … Lymphatic Pharyngeal Ring: Structure, Function & Diseases
Tight junctions are protein networks. They girdle the endothelial tissues of the intestine, bladder, and brain and perform barrier functions in addition to stabilizing functions. Disturbances of these barrier functions have a negative effect on the different milieus of the body. What is a tight junction? Each cell membrane contains different proteins. The individual membrane … Tight Junction: Structure, Function & Diseases
The mammary gland in humans is located in the female breast. It produces and secretes milk to nourish the offspring under the influence of the hormones oxytocin and prolactin. Impaired milk production occurs mainly when there is a failure of the hormones involved. What is the mammary gland? Lactation in all mammals takes place with … Mammary Gland: Structure, Function & Diseases
Toenails are located at the tips of the toes. They are made of callus and protect the toes from mechanical impact. A number of diseases can be identified by the condition of the toenails. However, they can also be affected by nail disease. What are toenails? Toenails are skin-colored, flat structures. They are located on … Toenails: Structure, Function & Diseases
Schwann cells are a type of glial cell, such as those that serve to stabilize and nourish nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system. They also wrap around the axons of medullary nerve fibers, providing them with insulating myelin. In inflammatory demyelinating diseases in the peripheral nervous system, the myelin of the cells is destroyed … Schwann Cell: Structure, Function & Diseases
The cardia represents the transition area from the esophagus to the stomach. Its opening and closing after the passage of the food pulp completes the act of swallowing. Common reflux disease is caused by cardia insufficiency. What is the cardia? The cardia, as the transition area from the esophagus to the stomach, is the Germanized … Cardia: Structure, Function & Diseases
Human herpesviruses are host-specific viruses of the Herpesviridae family, all of which are human pathogens. In addition to labial herpes, this group of infections includes genital herpes, both of whose pathogens remain in their host for life. An alternation between active and inactive states is characteristic of human herpesviruses of each species. What are human … Human Herpes Viruses: Infection, Transmission & Diseases
Transdifferentiation involves metamorphosis. The differentiated cells of a particular cotyledon are transformed into the cells of another cotyledon by processes such as histone deacetylation and methylation. Defective processes of transdifferentiation underlie many diseases, such as Barrett’s esthrophagus. What is transdifferentiation? Scientists associate transdifferentiation ability primarily with human stem cells. Embryonic development occurs on the basis … Transdifferentiation: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder based on mutations in the FLCN gene. Patients suffer from multiple skin lesions, lung cysts, and renal tumors. Treatment is limited to symptomatic resection and, if necessary, follow-up of the tumors. What is Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome? Hereditary diseases are conditions caused by mutation(s) in one or more genes … Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
