Microtubules are protein filaments that have a tubular structure and, together with actin and intermediate filaments, form the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells. They stabilize the cell and also participate in transport and movement within the cell. What are microtubules? Microtubules are tubular polymers whose protein structures are about 24nm in diameter. Together with other filaments, … Microtubules: Structure, Function & Diseases
Microvilli are extensions of cells. They are found, for example, in the intestine, uterus, and taste buds. They improve the absorption of substances by increasing the surface area of the cells. What are the microvilli? Microvilli are filamentous projections at the tips of cells. Microvilli are particularly common in epithelial cells. These are the cells … Microvilli: Structure, Function & Diseases
A laryngocele is the name given to an outpouching of one of the two mucosal pockets that are located in pairs in the side of the larynx between the vocal fold and the pocket fold in humans. A laryngocele may be congenital or acquired during life. Because of the inflammatory processes that can take place … Laryngocele: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
The sense of taste is a chemical sense that can be used to determine the more precise nature of substances, especially food. In humans, the sensory cells of taste are located in the oral cavity, mainly on the tongue, but also in the oral and pharyngeal mucosa. What is the sense of taste? The sense … Sense of Taste: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Squamous epithelium refers to a specific type of body cell found on various external and internal body and organ surfaces. Squamous epithelium has covering or protective properties and is therefore also known as covering epithelium. What is squamous epithelium? Epithelial tissue is composed of cells lined up individually, but the shape and thickness of the … Squamous Epithelium: Structure, Function & Diseases
Endolymph is a clear potassium-rich lymphoid fluid that fills the cavities of the membranous labyrinth in the inner ear. Separated by the Reissner membrane, the membranous labyrinth is surrounded by the sodium-rich perilymph. For hearing, the different ion concentration between perilymph and endolymph plays a major role, while the mechanical-physical properties (principle of inertia) are … Endolymph: Structure, Function & Diseases
Villous movements take place within the small intestine. Finger-shaped elevations of the mucosa are located there. These are called villi. What are villous movements? Villous movements take place inside the small intestine. Finger-shaped elevations of the mucosa are located there. These are called villi. The mucosa of the small intestine (intestinal mucosa) lines the duodenum, … Villous Movement: Function, Role & Diseases
The two thyroid hormones T3 (also triiodothyronine) and L4 (also L-thyroxine or levothyroxine) are produced in the epithelial cells of the thyroid gland. Their control is subject to the regulatory hormone TSH basal (thyroid-stimulating hormone or thyrotropin), which is produced in the pituitary gland. The classic thyroid diseases related to hormones are hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and … Thyroid Hormones: Structure, Function & Diseases
Uptake, entrapment, and digestion of non-cellular particles in a cell specialized for this process is called phagocytosis. Particle entrapment occurs through the formation of cavities (phagosomes) that, after particle uptake, fuse with specialized vesicles called lysosomes. They contain the enzymes necessary for digestion or degradation of the trapped particles. What is phagocytosis? Phagocytosis is the … Phagocytosis: Function, Role & Diseases
By the acinus, medicine understands the glandular end and at the same time the functional unit of various organs. For example, acini are found in the lungs, liver and pancreas or salivary glands. Especially the tissue of the parotid gland acini can be affected by degeneration or inflammation. What is acinus? An acinus is the … Acinus: Structure, Function & Diseases
Blastogenesis refers to the 16-day early development of the fertilized female egg, the zygote, to the blastocyst. During blastogenesis, the cells, which are still omnipotent at the time, divide continuously and, toward the end of the phase, undergo initial differentiation into an outer sheath of cells (trophoblast) and interior cells (embryoblast), from which the embryo … Blastogenesis: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Mechanoreceptors are sensory cells that enable sensation by converting mechanical stimuli such as pressure, stretch, touch, and vibration into endogenous stimuli and transmitting them to the brain via neural pathways. The medical profession distinguishes mechanoreceptors roughly according to their origin, whereby they also differ in their construction and functioning depending on the sensory organ associated … Mechanoreceptors: Structure, Function & Diseases
