Brief overview Symptoms: Initially tingling and numbness in the arms and legs, with progression of the disease muscle weakness and paralysis in the legs as well as respiratory disorders Treatment: As early as possible by infusion with immunoglobulins (special antibodies) or plasma exchange procedures (plasmapheresis); cortisone helps with acute GBS, other possible medications are heparins … Guillain-Barré Syndrome: Symptoms, Risks
Oneiroid syndrome is a dream-like state of confusion with clouding of consciousness. The sensory delusions, which are perceived as very close to life, are often accompanied by intense emotional experiences, most of which have strong negative connotations. Affected individuals cannot separate what they seem to be experiencing from reality and are difficult to convince of … Oneiroid Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Myelin is the name given to a special, particularly lipid-rich, biomembrane that mainly acts as a so-called myelin sheath or medullary sheath, enclosing axons of nerve cells of the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system and electrically insulating the contained nerve fibers. Because of regular interruptions of the myelin sheaths (Ranvier’s cord rings), … Myelin: Structure, Function & Diseases
Due to a rapid spread of the Zika virus, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared a global health emergency. Zika virus infection, which has been known since 1947, is transmitted by mosquitoes. This viral disease initially occurred in Africa, Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands. Recently, people in Central and especially South American countries … Zika Virus Infection: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
The ansa cervicalis (profunda) or cervical nerve loop lies beneath the sternocleidomastoid muscle and contains fibers from cervical spinal cord segments C1 to C3. It is responsible for controlling the lower hyoid (infrahyoid) muscles and can lead to the development of dysphagia when lesioned. What is the ansa cervicalis? The ansa cervicalis is a loop … Ansa Cervicalis: Structure, Function & Diseases
Reactive strength is a form of high-speed strength that has the stretch-shorten cycle as its basis. The cycle is an active lengthening of muscles followed by contraction of the same muscles. Suspended or limited, reactive strength occurs, for example, in neuromuscular diseases. What is reactive force? Reactive force is needed by humans to perform forms … Reactive Force: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a slowly progressive disease of motor nerves that results in various deficits. Sensory and autonomic nerves are not involved. The cause is thought to be an autoimmunologic process. What is multifocal motor neuropathy? Multifocal motor neuropathy is characterized by the slow loss of motor nerves. On examination, antibodies to ganglioside … Multifocal Motor Neuropathy: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
The cervical medium ganglion is a collection of nerve cells on the sixth cervical vertebra. Several fibers originate from it, which pass into different structures. As an autonomous neuronal structure, it performs additional tasks in the simple processing of signals beyond the simple transmission of information. What is the cervical medium ganglion? The cervical medium … Cervical Medium Ganglion: Structure, Function & Diseases
In medicine, remyelination describes a process in which the body partially restores the insulating myelin layer that normally surrounds nerve fibers (axons). Often, remyelination is not completely successful, so permanent damage is possible. Various diseases (for example, multiple sclerosis, funicular myelosis, or Miller-Fisher syndrome) can affect the myelin sheaths of nerve cells. What is remyelination? … Remyelination: Function, Role & Diseases
The occipitofrontalis muscle is a cutaneous muscle composed of the occipitalis muscle and the frontalis muscle, which belongs to the mimic musculature. The muscles raise and lower the eyebrows to frown or tighten the forehead. In lesions of the facial nerve, paralysis of the occipitofrontalis muscle occurs. What is the occipitofrontalis muscle? The musculi epicranii … Occipitofrontalis Muscle: Structure, Function & Diseases
Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute inflammation of the peripheral nerves and spinal ganglia (nerve nodes in the spinal canal) with an as yet unexplained etiology (cause). With an incidence of 1 to 2 new cases per 100,000 persons per year, Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare disease that affects men slightly more often than women. What … Guillain-Barré Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
The spinal ganglion is a collection of nerve cell bodies at the roots of the spinal nerves. Sensory information from the peripheral nervous system reaches the central nervous system through the spinal ganglia. in diseases such as Friedreich’s ataxia, the spinal ganglia degenerate and cause movement disorders. What is the dorsal root ganglion? Ganglion is … Spinal Ganglion: Structure, Function & Diseases
