Products Indinavir is commercially available in capsule form (Crixivan). It has been approved in many countries since 1996. Structure and properties Indinavir (C36H47N5O4, Mr = 613.8 g/mol) is present in drugs as indinavir sulfate, a white crystalline powder that is very soluble in water. Effects Indinavir (ATC J05AE02) has antiviral properties. The effects are due … Indinavir
A cold or common cold is a common infection of the respiratory tract. It is caused by viruses and usually occurs acutely. Typical signs of a cold are mainly hoarseness, sore throat and runny nose. What is a cold? Schematic diagram showing the anatomy and structure of the nasal mucosa with “loopholes” for cold viruses … Common Cold: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Tenofovir (also tenofovirdisoproxil) is used therapeutically for HIV-1 and hepatitis B infections. Tenofovirdisoproxil is thereby activated in human cells to tenofovir. On the one hand, it inhibits reverse transcriptase in HIV viruses (or DNA polymerase in hepatitis B viruses), and on the other hand, it is incorporated into the viral DNA as a false building … Tenofovir: Effects, Uses & Risks
Symptoms After the initial clinical manifestation in the form of chickenpox, the virus remains in a latent stage in the dorsal root ganglia for life. Reactivation of the virus occurs particularly in the presence of weakened immune defenses. Vesicles with cloudy contents form in the area supplied by the infected nerve, e.g. on the trunk … Shingles: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Prevention
In the early 18th century, the term heterosexuality was coined by Karl Maria Kertbeny. It is composed of the Greek “heteros” and the Latin “sexus”, thus explaining the word formation from the parts “the other, the unequal” in connection with the male and female sex. This is also how the definition of homosexuality came about, … Heterosexuality: Function, Role & Diseases
If chemoprophylaxis is induced, physicians administer a viral agent or antibiotic to the patient to prophylactically (preventively) treat an established or an impending infection. The administration of these drugs is intended to prevent or combat the spread of pathogens in the body. What is chemoprophylaxis? If chemoprophylaxis is induced, physicians administer a viral agent or … Chemoprophylaxis: Treatment, Effects & Risks
Interferons are tissue hormones composed of relatively short-chain polypeptides, proteins, or glycoproteins. Together with interleukins and other groups of substances, they belong to the cytokines that initiate and control the immune responses of the immune system. Interferons are produced mainly by cells of the immune system, but also by fibroblasts, and primarily control antiviral and … Interferons: Function & Diseases
Symptoms The leading symptoms of bacterial vaginosis include: Thin, homogeneous vaginal discharge with a grayish-white color. Unpleasant odor of fish due to the release of volatile amines. It is not accompanied by vaginal inflammation and immune response – therefore it is called vaginosis and not vaginitis. The disease is often asymptomatic. A burning sensation, itching … Bacterial Vaginosis: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment
The active medical ingredient Tipranavir is a drug that is used to treat people with HIV type 1. It is used as part of a combination antiretroviral therapy. The drug Tipranavir is available on the pharmacological market under the trade name Aptivus and is distributed by the producer Boehringer. The active ingredient tipranavir is considered … Tipranavir: Effects, Uses & Risks
Symptoms Oral thrush is an infection of the mouth and throat with Candida fungi. Different manifestations are distinguished. The actual oral thrush is usually called acute pseudomembranous candidiasis. The leading symptom is the white to yellowish, small-spotted, partially intermingled coating of the mucous membranes in the mouth and throat area. It consists of epithelial cells, … Oral Thrush
The active ingredient saquinavir is a protease inhibitor. The drug is primarily used for the therapy of HIV infections. In this context, the substance saquinavir is mainly used in combination preparations. The drug was approved in 1995. Since a large number of patients quickly developed resistance to the drug, saquinavir was taken off the pharmaceutical … Saquinavir: Effects, Uses & Risks
Symptoms Toxoplasmosis is usually asymptomatic and unnoticed if the immune status is normal. It may manifest as flu-like symptoms such as muscle and joint pain, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, headache, fever, and fatigue. The infection leads to immunity. If the immune system is weakened, such as observed in HIV infection and when taking immunosuppressants … Toxoplasmosis Causes and Treatment
