Products For ALS treatment, edaravone was approved in Japan in 2015 (Radicut) and in the United States in 2017 as an infusion product (Radicava). In the EU, edaravone has orphan drug status. In many countries, the drug has been registered since 2019. Structure and properties Edaravone (C10H10N2O, Mr = 174.2 g/mol) is a substituted 2-pyrazolin-5-one. … Edaravon
Products Dimethyl fumarate is commercially available in the form of capsules with enteric-coated microtablets (Tecfidera). It has been approved in many countries since 2014. Dimethyl fumarate is also approved for the treatment of psoriasis (Skilarence). This article is related to MS therapy. In 2019, a new prodrug of the active ingredient was approved; see diroximelfumarate … Dimethyl Fumarate
Products and approval Fingolimod is commercially available in capsule form (Gilenya) and has been approved in many countries since 2011. First generic products were registered in 2020 and entered the market in 2021. Fingolimod was the first specific multiple sclerosis drug to be administered orally, rather than being injected subcutaneously or as an infusion. In … Fingolimod
Products In many countries, there are currently no medicines approved that contain only cannabidiol. However, the active ingredient is a component of the cannabis oral spray Sativex, which is registered as a drug for MS treatment in many countries and also contains THC. The oral solution Epidiolex or Epidyolex was approved as a drug in … Cannabidiol
Products Hemp with a high content of cannabidiol and a low total content of tetrahydrocannabinol (less than 1%) can be legally sold in many countries since 2016 and is available from specialized suppliers and web stores. Cannabidiol hemp is approved as a tobacco substitute product and not yet as a medicine. Neither cannabidiol nor cannabidiol … Cannabidiol Hemp
Products Ginkgo extract is commercially available in the form of capsules, film-coated tablets, and as drops (e.g., Symfona, Tebokan, Tebofortin, Rezirkane), among others. In addition, dried ginkgo leaves are also available. It is recommended to use standardized and refined special extracts, as these contain the relevant ingredients and are free from undesirable substances, especially the … Ginkgo Health Benefits
Products Preparations containing ginseng are commercially available in the form of capsules, juice, and lozenges, among others. Ginseng is included in registered drugs and in dietary supplements. In East Asia and Southeast Asia, ginseng has been used medicinally for thousands of years. Stem plant C.A. Meyer, of the Araliaceae family, is native to Manchuria in … Ginseng Health Benefits
Mushroom , Clavicipitaceae (Ascomycetes) – Tibetan caterpillar club fungus. Life cycle The fungus has a very particular life cycle. Spores infect larvae of certain moths (bat moth , ) in autumn. In spring, the fruiting body of the fungus grows out of the head of the infested caterpillar. Drug Traditionally, the combination of insect and … Tibetan Caterpillar Club Fungus
Stem plant Scrophulariaceae, brahmi, small fat leaf. Medicinal drug The dried herb is usually used. The pressed juice from the fresh herb and extracts from the drug are also used. Ingredients Brahmi contains the steroid saponins bacoside A and B. Effects The drug is believed to have antioxidant, adaptogenic, neuroprotective, and cholinergic effects, among others. … Brahmi
Products Diroximelfumarate was approved in the United States in 2019 in the form of sustained-release capsules (Vumerity). It should not be confused with dimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera). Structure and properties Diroximelfumarate (C11H13NO6, Mr = of 255.2 g/mol) exists as a white powder that is sparingly soluble in water. The active metabolite monomethyl fumarate (MMF, see below) … Diroximelfumarate
Products Riluzole is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Rilutek). It has been approved in many countries since 1996. In 2018, an additional oral suspension was registered (CH: Teglutik, USA: Tiglutik). Structure and properties Riluzole (C8H5F3N2OS, Mr = 234.2 g/mol) is a benzothiazole. It exists as a white to slightly yellow powder that … Riluzole
Products Siponimod was approved in film-coated tablet form in the United States in 2019 and in many countries in 2020 (Mayzent). Structure and properties Siponimod (C29H35F3N2O3, Mr = 516.6 g/mol) is present in the drug as a 2:1 co-crystal with the fumaric acid and as a white powder. The drug was developed starting from fingolimod, … Siponimod
