Products
AZD1222 has been in the registration phase in the EU and many countries since the beginning of October 2020 as part of a rolling review and is not yet commercially available. The vaccine was developed at Oxford University’s Jenner Institute, spin-off Vaccitech and AstraZeneca. Efficacy and safety are being evaluated in studies involving up to 50,000 participants in several countries.
Structure and properties
The vaccine is an attenuated and nonreplicating chimpanzee adenovirus (ChAd) known as ChAdOx1. This cold virus contains the DNA of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes Covid-19.
Effects
The vector contains the DNA for the formation of the spike protein (S) of coronavirus. After uptake into cells, these proteins are expressed, triggering an immune response. Antibodies are formed, which protect the body from infection. The spike protein plays an important role in the multiplication cycle of the coronavirus. It binds to the ACE2 receptors on the host cell surface and leads to the uptake of the virus into the cells.
Indications
As a vaccine for the prevention of covid-19.
Dosage
According to the SmPC. The drug is administered once as an intramuscular injection.
Contraindications
For complete precautions, see the drug label (publication upon approval).
Adverse effects
Possible adverse effects include fever, flu-like symptoms, headache, fatigue, feeling sick, muscle aches, and pain at the site of administration. Paracetamol may be administered as needed to treat these symptoms.
