Products
In many countries, drugs containing chloroform are no longer on the market. Chloroform is available as a pure substance in specialized stores. It was first synthesized in 1831.
Structure and properties
Chloroform (CHCl3, Mr = 119.4 g/mol) is a trichlorinated methane. It exists as a colorless, volatile liquid with a sweetish odor and is sparingly soluble in water. The boiling point is 61°C. The addition of ethanol prevents the substance from degrading to toxic phosgene. Chloroform is not flammable.
Effects
Chloroform (ATC N01AB02) has anesthetic, analgesic, and muscle relaxant properties.
Indications for use
- As a solvent.
- Chloroform was formerly used as an inhalation anesthetic. Due to its toxicity, it is no longer used today.
- Technical applications.
Abuse
Chloroform can be abused as an intoxicant and as an anesthetic. It is strongly discouraged because of the possible adverse effects.
Adverse effects
Chloroform is harmful to health:
- Irritation of the skin, respiratory tract, and eyes.
- Toxic by inhalation, unconsciousness.
- Mutagenic and teratogenic properties
- Damage to organs, liver and kidney toxicity.
- Respiratory depression
- Hypotension
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Digestive disorders
In a technical application, the information in the safety data sheet should therefore be carefully observed.
