Function
Normally, the knee can be bent up to 120 – 150° and, depending on the ligamentous apparatus, can be overstretched by approx. 5 – 10°. At 90° flexion, the knee can be rotated approximately 40° outwards and 10 – 20° inwards.
The knee joint must transfer the entire load of the trunk to the lower leg (tibia).
- Kneecap (patella)
- Fibula (fibula)
- Thigh bone (femur)
- Shinbone (Tibia)
No other joint in the human body has more injuries than the knee joint. The most common disease of the knee joint is knee joint arthrosis.
This involves damage to the cartilage sliding layer of the knee joint. The consequences can be inflammation, pain, restricted mobility and instability.In addition to cartilage damage, tears of the meniscus occur more frequently with increasing age. Due to the lack of healing power of the meniscus, only a partial removal of the torn meniscus remains, with a few exceptions.
More rare, but usually more serious, is a cruciate ligament injury, since it considerably reduces the stability of the knee joint. In comparison, anterior cruciate ligament injuries are more common than posterior ones. Torn collateral ligaments often occur in combination with other injuries.
While damage to the inner ligament has good healing potential, complete ruptures of the outer ligament usually require surgical treatment. In addition to cartilage damage, tears of the meniscus occur more frequently with increasing age. Due to the lack of healing potency of the meniscus, only a partial removal of the torn meniscus remains, with a few exceptions.
More rare, but usually more serious, is a cruciate ligament injury, since it considerably reduces the stability of the knee joint. In comparison, anterior cruciate ligament injuries are more common than posterior ones. Torn collateral ligaments often occur in combination with other injuries.
While damage to the inner ligament has good healing potential, complete ruptures of the outer ligament usually require surgical treatment. A cruciate ligament injury is rarer, but usually more serious, because it considerably reduces the stability of the knee joint. In comparison, anterior cruciate ligament injuries are more common than posterior ones.
Torn collateral ligaments often occur in combination with other injuries. While damage to the inner ligament has good healing potential, complete ruptures of the outer ligament usually require surgical treatment. Torn collateral ligaments often occur in combination with other injuries. While damage to the inner ligament has good healing potential, tears of the outer ligament usually require surgical treatment.
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