General measures Leave the water immediately after jellyfish injury. Rinse the affected area without rubbing (see table below for this). Helpers should protect themselves with rubber gloves. Remove tentacle remnants Before removing the tentacle remains inactivation of remaining intact cnidocytes by rinsing with household vinegar (5%). Mechanical removal of the cnidocytes: Apply sand or shaving … Jellyfish Sting: Therapy
Pathogenesis (development of disease) Urticaria (hives) secondary to jellyfish sting is characterized by edema (water retention) of the dermis (skin), which is an expression of an increase in vascular permeability.Mediators (messengers) are released primarily from mast cells (cells of the body’s defense system that have stored certain messengers, including histamine and heparin). One can distinguish … Jellyfish Sting: Causes
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin [swelling of skin due to hives?, blistering if any?, necrosis if any (death of cells/cell death)]Note: The length of the welts on the skin caused by the tentacles … Jellyfish Sting: Examination
Prevention measures Observance of local warnings No swimming on deserted beaches Do not swim in murky water or close to the sand. Do not swim after storms Australia: use a hives-proof diving, surfing or jellyfish protection suit.
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate a jellyfish sting: Skin lesions: Swelling of the skin due to hives (hives, hives). Painful, itchy area that can develop into blisters Possibly blistering and scarring Possibly necrosis (= death of cells / cell death). Pain: if immediately extremely excruciating pain → think of Portuguese galley (Physalia physalis). … Jellyfish Sting: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Medical history (history of illness) is an important component in the diagnosis of jellyfish stings. Family history Social history Current anamnesis/systemic anamnesis (somatic and psychological complaints). When and where did the jellyfish sting occur? What are your symptoms? Swelling of the skin? Painful itchy spot? If you have pain: Did the pain occur immediately? Is … Jellyfish Sting: Medical History
Laboratory and medical device diagnostics are not required for a jellyfish sting. Diagnosis of a jellyfish sting is limited to observation of the affected skin.
The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by a jellyfish sting: Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90). Hyperkalemia (potassium excess) due to massive hemolysis from jellyfish sting [caused by cube jellyfish (Cubomedusae; synonym: sea wasp)]. Skin and subcutaneous (L00-L99). Skin manifestations: papulovesiculous (“accompanied by nodules (papules) and vesicles … Jellyfish Sting: Secondary Diseases
