In vitro maturation (IVM) is a technique of extracorporeal fertilization, which means it occurs outside the human body. IVM relocates follicle maturation in vitro (egg maturation in a test tube). The procedure avoids side effects and risks of hormone therapy. In vitro maturation is usually offered in combination with in vitro fertilization (IVF; Latin for … In Vitro Maturation
Insemination (synonyms: sperm transfer; sperm cell transfer) refers to a transfer of male sperm into a woman’s genital tract. Insemination is the most common method of artificial insemination. Prerequisites for using the method: functional, that is, inconspicuous fallopian tubes (tubes) on both sides. Indications (areas of application) Impaired interaction between sperm and cervical mucus – … Insemination: Sperm Transfer
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a method of artificial insemination. It involves injecting a single sperm directly into the cytoplasm (ooplasm) of an egg using a microcapillary device. The procedure is always combined with in vitro fertilization (IVF). The first ICSI baby was born in Brussels on January 14, 1992. Indications (areas of application) Failed … Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
Gamete Infrafallopian Transfer (GIFT) is the transfer (transmission) of male and female gametes/sex cells (spermatozoa/semen cells, oocyte/ovum) into the fallopian tubes (tubules). This reproductive procedure requires follicle maturation therapy (egg maturation therapy; hormone therapy: see .below “Primary female infertility/medical therapy“) and follicle puncture (egg puncture) under vaginal sonography. For vaginal sonography, see “Vaginal ultrasound (vaginal … Gamete Infrafallopian Transfer: Intratubal Gamete Transfer
In reproductive medicine, cryopreservation (Greek κρύος, krýos “cold” and Latin conservare “to preserve, keep”) is the preservation of sperm (sperm cells), testicular tissue, ovarian tissue, oocytes, and fertilized oocytes in the pronuclear stage by freezing them in liquid nitrogen. With the help of this procedure it is possible to maintain the vitality of the cells … Cryopreservation
In vitro fertilization (IVF; Latin “fertilization in a glass”) is a method of artificial insemination. Prerequisites for using the method: the condition of the fallopian tubes must be known (laparoscopy). IVF treatment is indicated only if damage to the tubes (fallopian tubes) cannot be repaired surgically. Indications (areas of application) Tubal sterility (transport disorder) – … In Vitro Fertilization
Microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA) describes the microsurgical retrieval of sperm from the epididymis. The procedure is always combined with intracytoplamatic sperm injection (ICSI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF). Indications (areas of application) Occlusive azoospermia (= complete absence of mature spermatozoa and cells of spermatogenesis in the ejaculate in cases of bilateral spermatic duct obstruction) … Microsurgical Epididymal Sperm Aspiration
Refertilization in women is the restoration of fertility (fertility) after sterilization. In addition, refertilization is performed in cases of damage to the tubes (fallopian tubes) due to, for example, adnexitis (inflammation of the fallopian tubes) or adhesions (adhesions), for example, after abdominal surgery. Female sterilization is usually performed as a so-called tubal sterilization. In this … Refertilization in Women
Male refertilization is the restoration of fertility (fertility) after sterilization (e.g., vasectomy or vasoresection). Vasectomy is a surgical cutting of the ductus deferens (vas deferens), i.e. interruption of the vas deferens, resulting in infertility with undiminished potency. Vasorection refers to the surgical removal of a segment of vas deferens also for the purpose of sterilization. … Refertilization in Men
Testicular sperm extraction (TESE; i.e., “extraction of sperm from the testis”; synonym: testicular biopsy) is performed by microsurgical means. The procedure is always combined with intracytoplamatic sperm injection (ICSI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF). Indications (areas of application) Testicular atrophy (“shrunken testis”). Sertoli-cell-only syndrome – Special form of testicular (testicular-related) infertility; characterized by severely reduced … Testicular Sperm Extraction
