Bipolar Disorder and Manic Depressive Illness

Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Complications

The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by bipolar disorder: Respiratory system (J00-J99) Bronchial asthma Chronic lung disease, unspecified Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90). Obesity Diabetes mellitus type 2 (age-related diabetes) Hypothyroidism (hypothyroidism) Factors influencing health status and leading to health care utilization (Z00-Z99). Suicide (suicide) Cardiovascular … Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Complications

Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Examination

A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin, mucous membranes, and sclerae (white part of the eye) [symptom of a depressive episode: increased sweating]. Inspection and palpation (palpation) of the thyroid gland. Auscultation (listening) of the … Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Examination

Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Prevention

To prevent bipolar disorder (manic-depressive illness), attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Substance dependence, unspecified (alcohol; cannabis (hashish and marijuana)). Circadian rhythm disturbance (disturbance of the day-night rhythm), i.e., increased activity during nocturnal rest periods and inactivity during the day Environmental stress – intoxications (poisonings). Regions with particularly poor … Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Prevention

Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

The following symptoms and complaints may indicate bipolar disorder: Symptoms of a manic episode Duration of at least 1 week Aggression Significantly increased arousal Increased urge to talk Increased drive Flight of ideas Risky behavior Quick distractibility Need for sleep decreased Social inhibitions reduced Increase libido Exaggerated self-assessment Inappropriate/noticeable elevated and/or irritable mood. Symptoms of … Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Causes

Pathogenesis (disease development) The cause of bipolar disorder is thought to be multifactorial. Genetics, in particular, play a role, as do personality characteristics and environmental factors. Herpes viruses may also play a role in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder: patients with bipolar and major depressive disorder were found to have a high rate of infection … Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Causes

Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Therapy

Other treatment options (mania) The following measures are recommended: Keep mood diaries Psychosocial procedures/measures according to S3 guideline: psychosocial therapies for severe mental illness. Self-management as part of coping with the disease; in this context also references to self-help contact points. Individual interventions Psychoeducation – systematic didactic-psychotherapeutic interventions designed to inform patients and their families … Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Therapy

Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Medical History

Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of bipolar disorder. Family history What is the general health of your family members? Is there a history of mental illness in your family? Has there been a history of bipolar disorder, depression, suicide attempts, or cases of alcohol dependence in your family? … Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Medical History