Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of inguinal hernia (inguinal hernia). Family history Social history What is your occupation? Do you work physically hard? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). Have you noticed any changes in the groin region such as swelling/protrusion/feeling of foreign bodies? If so, … Inguinal Hernia: Medical History
Congenital malformations, deformities, and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00-Q99). Ectopic testis – testis that is not in its intended location but, for example, is located in the inguinal canal Cardiovascular system (I00-I99). Aneurysm – pathological expansion of a blood vessel. Varicocele (varicose vein hernia) Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99). Abscess – encapsulated collection of pus. Mouth, esophagus … Inguinal Hernia: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
The following are the most important diseases or complications that can be caused by an inguinal hernia (inguinal hernia): Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (M00-M67; M90-M93). Inflammatio herniae (hernia inflammation). Incarceration – entrapment of the hernia with the risk of death of the entrapped tissue. Inguinal hernia recurrence
Inguinal hernia – Aachen classification. Localization of the hernial orifice Size of the hernial orifice L = lateral; indirect inguinal hernia. I < 1.5 cm M = medial; direct inguinal hernia II 1.5-3 cm F = femoral; thigh hernia III > 3 cm C/ML = combined hernia Rx = recurrence count (number of recurrences).
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; furthermore: Inspection (viewing). Skin and mucous membranes Abdomen (abdomen) Shape of the abdomen? Skin color? Skin texture? Efflorescences (skin changes)? Pulsations? Bowel movements? Visible vessels? Scars? Hernias (fractures)? Examination of the abdomen … Inguinal Hernia: Examination
Inguinal hernia is diagnosed on the basis of history and physical examination. 2nd order laboratory parameters – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, etc. – for differential diagnostic clarification. Small blood count Differential blood count Inflammatory parameters – CRP (C-reactive protein) or ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate).
Inguinal hernia is diagnosed on the basis of history and physical examination. Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics, and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnosis. Abdominal sonography (ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs) or sonography of the inguinal region – for visualization of … Inguinal Hernia: Diagnostic Tests
Herniotomy Herniotomy (synonym: hernia surgery) is an operation to remove or correct a hernia. The indication for surgical treatment is the risk of incarceration in the absence of symptoms and increase in size. In asymptomatic inguinal hernia type A and B (see below Hernia inguinalis/medical device diagnostics/sonography (ultrasound)), observational waiting (so-called “watchful waiting”) is sufficient. … Inguinal Hernia: Surgical Therapy
To prevent inguinal hernia (inguinal hernia), attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Physical activity Heavy physical work Carrying heavy loads Overweight (BMI ≥ 25; obesity) – obesity.
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate an inguinal hernia (inguinal hernia): Leading symptoms Recurrent pain in the inguinal region (69% discomfort in the hernia, 66% in the groin; 50% increased peristalsis). Swelling or protrusion in the groin region. Possible accompanying symptoms Pain in the genital area Pain during sexual intercourse (dyspareunia) Micturition disorders (disorders … Inguinal Hernia: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Pathogenesis (development of disease) Adult inguinal hernia is thought to be caused by disruption of the extracellular matrix: Matrix metalloproteases and their inhibitors show alterations; collagen metabolism is also impaired. In inguinal hernia, abdominal viscera pass through the inguinal canal (canalis inguinalis). Direct (medial/acquired) can be distinguished from indirect (lateral) and femoral hernias: In direct … Inguinal Hernia: Causes
General measures Recurrence prevention: to prevent recurrence of inguinal hernia, the affected person should try to relieve the abdominal wall during all movements after surgery. Lifting and carrying heavy loads should be avoided for at least four weeks. Nicotine restriction (refraining from tobacco use) – leads to wound healing disorder due to negative influence on … Inguinal Hernia: Therapy
