The European food safety authority (EFSA) last evaluated vitamins and minerals for safety in 2006 and set a so-called Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for each micronutrient, provided sufficient data were available. This UL reflects the maximum safe level of a micronutrient that will not cause adverse effects when taken daily from all sources for … Vitamin A: Safety Assessment
In the National Nutrition Survey II (NVS II, 2008), the dietary behavior of the population was investigated for Germany and it was shown how this affects the average daily nutrient intake with macro- and micronutrients (vital substances). The intake recommendations (D-A-CH reference values) of the German Nutrition Society (DGE) are used as the basis for … Vitamin A: Supply Situation
Vitamin A (retinol), beta-carotene The intake recommendations (D-A-CH reference values) of the German Nutrition Society (DGE) presented below are aimed at healthy people of normal weight. They do not refer to the supply of sick and convalescent people. Individual requirements may therefore be higher than the DGE recommendations (e.g. due to diet, consumption of stimulants, … Vitamin A: Intake
Vitamin C belongs to the group of water-soluble vitamins and is a historically interesting vitamin. In 1933, the structure of vitamin C was elucidated by the Englishmen Haworth and Hirst. In the same year, the vitamin was named ascorbic acid by Haworth and the Hungarian biochemist Szent-Györgyi. At the same time, Haworth and the Swiss … Vitamin C: Definition, Synthesis, Absorption, Transport, and Distribution
