Breastfeeding Phase

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Cardiovascular (I00-I99). Angina pectoris – “chest tightness”; sudden onset of pain in the heart region. Coronary artery disease (CAD) – disease of the coronary arteries. Myocardial infarction (heart attack) Liver, gallbladder, and biliary tract-pancreas (pancreas) (K70-K77; K80-K87). Biliary tract diseases, not specified Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93). Diffuse esophageal spasm – … Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Complications

The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by gastroesophageal reflux disease: Respiratory system (J00-J99) Bronchial asthma (reflux asthma) Note: Successful reflux therapy for bronchial asthma may reduce the need for long-term therapeutic agents! Bronchial obstruction (narrowing (obstruction) of the bronchi). Chronic cough Chronic laryngitis (inflammation of the larynx) … Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Complications

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Classification

During esophagogastroduodenoscopy (gastroscopy), gastroesophageal reflux disease can be classified as follows based on the extent of lesions (tissue lesions) found: The disease stages of reflux esophagitis are divided into four stages according to Savary and Miller: Stage Description 0 No mucosal changes I One or more nonconfluent mucosal lesions with redness and exudation II Confluent … Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Classification

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Examination

A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin and mucous membranes Abdomen (abdomen) Shape of the abdomen? Skin color? Skin texture? Efflorescences (skin changes)? Pulsations? Bowel movements? Visible vessels? Scars? Hernias (fractures)? Auscultation (listening) of the … Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Examination

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Test and Diagnosis

2nd order laboratory parameters – depending on the results of the medical history, physical examination, etc. – for differential diagnostic clarification Test for Helicobacter pylori (see below Helicobacter pylori infection/laboratory diagnostics).

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Drug Therapy

Therapeutic target Inhibition of excess acid to prevent progression of mucosal changes. Therapy recommendations 1. nutritional recommendations (see below “Further therapy“). 2. antacids (e.g., magaldrate, hydrotalcid). 3. proton pump inhibitors (PPI; acid blockers): when gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is suspected and no alarm symptoms are present: such as. Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), odynophagia (pain on swallowing), … Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Drug Therapy

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Diagnostic Tests

The diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) serves the following purposes: Visualization of any mucosal damage (up to Barret’s esophagus). Determination of the extent of reflux (reflux). Clarification of the respective etiology (cause). Notice: Medical device diagnosis is required only in the presence of alarm symptoms, risk factors, atypical symptoms, or failure of 4 weeks … Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Diagnostic Tests

Pregnancy and Fat Metabolism

The pregnancy-related hormonal factors and changes in liver function lead to hyperlipidemia (increased concentration of cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoproteins). All fat fractions in the mother’s organism increase at the beginning of pregnancy. There is an increase in serum lipids and serum cholesterol, which rises continuously within the 14th – 26th week and by the 36th … Pregnancy and Fat Metabolism

Pregnancy and Carbohydrate Metabolism

Glucose represents the main source of energy for the fetus, accounting for 90%. To prevent the conversion of the body’s own proteins into carbohydrates and to provide optimal nutrition for the unborn child, 320-380 grams of carbohydrates are thus required daily for a requirement of 2,600 calories. The fetus itself needs 30-50 grams of glucose … Pregnancy and Carbohydrate Metabolism

Pregnancy Ultrasound

Additional ultrasound examinations during pregnancy are medically useful and serve to examine the pregnant woman and the unborn child for early detection of diseases and growth disorders. The procedure Ultrasound examination in pregnancy is performed with inaudible ultrasound waves, which differ from normal sound by a different frequency of vibration and are absolutely harmless. Legislation … Pregnancy Ultrasound

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Micronutrient Therapy

Within the framework of micronutrient medicine (vital substances), the following vital substances (micronutrients) are used for supportive therapy of reflux disease: Calcium Potassium Magnesium The above vital substance recommendations (micronutrients) were created with the help of medical experts. All statements are supported by scientific studies with high levels of evidence. For a therapy recommendation, only … Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Micronutrient Therapy

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Surgical Therapy

Indications of interventional or surgical treatment: Taking PPI do not lead to appropriate therapeutic success, that is, acid reflux is not sufficiently suppressed (due to”fast metabolizer”). Presence of a clear non-acid reflux (mixed reflux) in addition to an acid reflux component. Despite elimination of heartburn (pyrosis), the quality of life is impaired (volume reflux) due … Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Surgical Therapy