The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by osteoporosis: Respiratory system (J00-J99) Limitation of lung function due to fractures (broken bones) in the thoracic spine. Cardiovascular system (I00-I99) Limitation of cardiac function due to fractures in the thoracic spine. Heart failure (cardiac insufficiency) Coronary artery disease (CAD; coronary … Osteoporosis: Complications
Densitometric classification of osteoporosis (WHO staging). Grade Classification T-Score Normal ≥ – 1 + no fractures (broken bones) 0 Osteopenia (reduction of bone density) – 1.0 to – 2.5 + no fractures 1 Osteoporosis ≤ – 2.5 + no fractures 2 Manifest osteoporosis ≤ – 2.5 + 1-3 osteoporosis-related fractures (broken bones). 3 Advanced osteoporosis … Osteoporosis: Classification
General measures Physical activity: promote muscle strength and coordination and avoid immobilization! Sunlight supports the body’s production of vitamin D for bone metabolism. Nicotine restriction (refrain from tobacco use). Limited alcohol consumption (men: max. 25 g alcohol per day; women: max. 12 g alcohol per day). Aim for normal weight! Since underweight is often a … Osteoporosis: Treatment
