To prevent iron deficiency anemia, attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors. Behavioral risk factors
- Diet
- Unbalanced diet
- Vegetarian, vegan
- Micronutrient deficiency (vital substances) – iron; see Prevention with micronutrients.
- Physical activity
- Athletes
- Blood donor
Other risk factors
- Bloodletting as therapy for other blood disorders
Medication
- Antiprotozoal
- Analogue of the azo dye trypan blue (suramin).
- Pentamidine
- Chelating agents (D-penicillamine, trieethylenetetramine dihydrochloride (Trien), tetrathiomolybdenum).
- Direct factor Xa inhibitor (rivaroxaban).
- Immunosuppressants (thalidomide).
- Janus kinase inhibitors (ruxolitinib).
- Monoclonal antibodies – pertuzumab
- MTOR inhibitors (everolimus, temsirolimus).
- Neomycin
- P-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine)
- Phenytoin [megaoblastic anemia]
- Proton pump inhibitors (PPI; acid blockers) – patients on continuous PPI therapy are more often affected by iron deficiency: this depends on duration of therapy and dosage
- Thrombin inhibitor (dabigatran).
- Tuberculostatics (isoniazid, INH; rifampicin, RMF).
- Antivirals
- NS5A inhibitors (daclatasvir).
- Protease inhibitors (boceprevir, telaprevir).