Respiratory System (J00-J99).
- Bronchiectasis (synonym: bronchiectasis)-permanent irreversible saccular or cylindrical dilatation of the bronchi (medium-sized airways) that may be congenital or acquired; symptoms: chronic cough with “mouthful expectoration” (large-volume triple-layered sputum: foam, mucus, and pus), fatigue, weight loss, and decreased exercise capacity
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) – chronic disease that occurs mainly in smokers.
- Lung abscess – encapsulated focus of pus in the lungs.
- Pulmonary fibrosis – connective tissue remodeling of the lungs with restriction of lung function.
- Pleural effusion – accumulation of water between the pleura and the lung.
- Pneumoconioses – asbestosis, silicosis
- Pneumonia (pneumonia)
- Radiation pneumonitis (synonym: radiation pneumonia) – pneumonia resulting from radiation; interstitial lung disease.
Blood, blood-forming organs – immune system (D50-D90).
- Sarcoidosis (synonyms: Boeck’s disease; Schaumann-Besnier’s disease) – systemic disease of connective tissue with granuloma formation.
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).
- Amyloidosis – extracellular (“outside the cell”) deposits of amyloids (degradation-resistant proteins) that can lead to cardiomyopathy (heart muscle disease), neuropathy (peripheral nervous system disease), and hepatomegaly (liver enlargement), among other conditions.
Cardiovascular System (I00-I99).
- Pulmonary embolism – occlusion of a pulmonary vessel due to a blood clot.
- Pulmonary infarction – occlusion of a pulmonary vessel resulting in the death of a portion of the lung.
- Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula – non-physiological connection between veins and arteries in the area of the lungs.
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- Echinococcus cyst – a pseudocyst formed on the floor of an infection of the liver with canine or fox tapeworm.
- HIV infection
- Tuberculosis (consumption)
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99).
- Caplan syndrome – disease belonging to the pneumoconioses, which leads to arthritis (inflammation of the joints) in addition to rapidly growing round foci in the lungs.
- Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), formerly Wegener’s granulomatosis – necrotizing (tissue dying) vasculitis (vascular inflammation) of the small to medium-sized vessels (small vessel vasculitides), which is accompanied by granuloma formation (nodule formation) in the upper respiratory tract (nose, sinuses, middle ear, oropharynx) as well as the lower respiratory tract (lungs)
- Rheumatic nodules
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48)
- Benign (benign) lung tumors such as adenomas.
- Pulmonary metastases (metastases of tumors) from carcinomas of the colon/intestine and rectum/rectum, kidney, mammary/breast, prostate, and oropharyngeal space; furthermore, in chorionic carcinoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma, testicular tumor, and thyroid carcinoma
- Malignant lymphoma – malignant diseases of the lymphatic system.
- Plasmocytoma – malignant (malignant) systemic disease, which is one of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas of the B lymphocytes, and is associated with the new formation of plasma cells and the formation of paraproteins.
Injuries, poisonings, and other consequences of external causes (S00-T98).
- Foreign body aspiration – swallowing of foreign bodies.
Medication
- ACE inhibitors – drugs used for hypertension (high blood pressure) such as ramipril.
