Within the framework of micronutrient medicine (vital substances), the following vital substances (micronutrients) are used to prevent lung cancer: Vitamin B6. It was shown that men with higher serum levels of vitamin B6 had a lower risk of developing lung cancer. The above vital substance recommendations were made with the help of medical experts. All … Lung Cancer (Bronchial Carcinoma): Micronutrient Therapy
In bronchial carcinoma, surgical therapy may be indicated depending on the histology (fine tissue findings) and spread of the tumor. This may involve various surgical procedures, including those performed that: Lobectomy* – removal of a lobe of the lung. Segmental resection – removal of a segment of the lung. Pneumonectomy – removal of a lobe … Lung Cancer (Bronchial Carcinoma): Surgical Therapy
To prevent bronchial carcinoma (lung cancer), attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Diet Too little fruit and vegetable consumption (scientifically, the role of a deficiency of vitamin A is not fully understood). Micronutrient deficiency (vital substances) – see prevention with micronutrients. Insufficient supply of vital substances Consumption of stimulants … Lung Cancer (Bronchial Carcinoma): Prevention
Radiation therapy is required for about 20% of all patients with malignant lung tumors because their tumors cannot be operated on (e.g., because of concomitant diseases, poor lung function). Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) (20-25%). In small cell lung cancer without distant metastases (tumor cells that have spread and settled by the blood or lymphatic … Lung Cancer (Bronchial Carcinoma): Radiotherapy
There are few early symptoms for bronchial carcinoma (lung cancer)!The following symptoms and complaints may indicate bronchial carcinoma: Change in cough quality (> 60%): irritable cough. Fatigue, performance kink (> 50 %). Weight loss (about 45%) Dyspnea (shortness of breath; about 35%). Giemen – whistling breath sounds. Sputum (sputum) / hemoptysis (hemoptysis; about 30%). Fever … Lung Cancer (Bronchial Carcinoma): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Therapy according to tumor type and stage Therapy of small cell lung carcinoma Because of its rapid growth, the metastases that are usually already present at diagnosis, and because of the good response to chemotherapy, it is the first-line treatment for small-cell bronchial carcinoma. If the tumor is limited to one lobe of the lung … Lung Cancer (Bronchial Carcinoma): Therapy
Pathogenesis (disease development) Bronchial carcinoma develops through several stages, in which carcinogens (carcinogenic substances) such as nicotine, but also so-called tumor promoters play a role. The so-called inhaled carcinogens (inhaled carcinogenic substances) are considered to be the causes of lung cancer: Arsenic Asbestos (asbestosis) Beryllium Cadmium Chromium VI compounds Diesel exhaust (due topolycyclic hydrocarbons, PAH). … Lung Cancer (Bronchial Carcinoma): Causes
The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by bronchial carcinoma (lung cancer): Respiratory system (J00-J99) Pleural effusion – accumulation of fluid between the pleura of the lung and the pleura of the ribs. Eyes and eye appendages (H00-H59). Amaurosis (blindness) Blood, blood-forming organs – immune system (D50-D90). Coagulation … Lung Cancer (Bronchial Carcinoma): Complications
TNM classification Category Status Brief description T (tumor) Tis Carcinoma in situ T1 Largest diameter <3 cm, surrounded by lung tissue or visceral pleura, main bronchus not involved T1a(mi) Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (adenocarcinoma with lepidic growth pattern < 3 cm in greatest extent with a solid portion < 5 mm in diameter) T1a Largest diameter … Lung Cancer (Bronchial Carcinoma): Classification
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body temperature, body weight, body height; furthermore: Inspection (viewing). Skin and mucous membranes Inspection and palpation (palpation) of the lymph node stations (cervical, axillary, supraclavicular, inguinal). Auscultation (listening) of the heart [due tosymptom: thoracic pain … Lung Cancer (Bronchial Carcinoma): Examination
Laboratory parameters of 1st order – obligatory laboratory tests. Small blood count Differential blood count Electrolytes – calcium, phosphate Fasting glucose (fasting blood sugar) Liver parameters – alanine aminotransferase (ALT, GPT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST, GOT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT, GGT), alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin. Renal parameters – urea, creatinine, cystatin C or creatinine … Lung Cancer (Bronchial Carcinoma): Test and Diagnosis
Therapeutic targets Improvement of prognosis Slowing of tumor growth Palliative (preservation of quality of life) Therapy recommendations Depending on the histological (“fine tissue”) findings, there are different approaches to chemotherapy of bronchial carcinoma. No dosages of cytostatic drugs (substances that inhibit cell growth or cell division) are given below, because therapy regimens are constantly being … Lung Cancer (Bronchial Carcinoma): Drug Therapy
