Lung function test in the child
There are also various ways to check lung function in children. The basic problem that arises especially with toddlers and babies is the lack of or even no possibility of cooperation. Some tests require the active cooperation of the young patients and can therefore be complicated by a lack of attention or understanding.
Reliable results in a wide variety of lung function tests are often not expected until the age of 6. A trained practice or ward team can achieve good results with a lot of experience and patience, but also already with 2-3 year olds. Procedures that are already used in small children are e.g. whole body plethysmography, flow-volume measurement, pulse oscillometry and treadmill asthma provocation.
Newer methods, such as the ultrasound test, allow easier measurements in pre-school children. The test does not require active participation. It is a gas-exchange procedure in which the child inhales a gas mixture through a mask or mouthpiece, which allows the measurement of the size and ventilation of the lungs.
The children breathe into and out of the device in a completely relaxed manner and do not have to perform any breathing maneuvers. The test is also used for infants. This early detection measure is intended to be of great importance, especially for the early treatment of infantile cystic fibrosis.For infants, there are also very sensitive devices that can record lung function, the so-called infant pneumotachographs.
The baby breathes into a mask while asleep, so that spontaneous breathing can be analyzed and a volume-flow diagram created. This complex measurement is important for the detection and treatment of early childhood asthma and other lung damage. Due to frequent inhalation and exhalation, patients may experience dizziness or increased coughing.
In addition, the deep inhalation and exhalation may cause a slight feeling of pressure in the abdomen and chest area. During the arterial blood gas test, patients may experience infections, slight pain at the puncture site or minor bruising (haematomas) when taking blood samples.
