Products
Phytomenadione is commercially available as a solution for injection and a solution for oral use (Konakion MM). It has been approved in many countries since 1987.
Structure and properties
Phytomenadione (C31H46O2, Mr = 450.7 g/mol) is a mixture of -phytomenadione, -phytomenadione, and -epoxyphytomenadione. It exists as a clear, intense yellow, viscous, oily liquid and is practically insoluble in water. Phytomenadione is miscible with fatty oils. The substance decomposes in sunlight.
Effects
Phytomenadione (ATC B02BA01) has procoagulant properties. It is an antidote for overdoses of vitamin K antagonists such as phenprocoumon (Marcoumar), acenocoumarol (Sintrom), and warfarin (Coumadin).
Indications
For prevention and treatment of bleeding due to deficiency of blood clotting factors (II, VII, IX, and X). The risk of bleeding may occur as a result of vitamin K antagonist overdose and in vitamin K deficiency states.
Dosage
According to the SmPC. The solution may be administered intravenously, intramuscularly, or perorally.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Interactions
Vitamin K antagonists antagonize the action of phytomenadione. Other drug interactions have been described with acetylsalicylic acid, cephalosporins, anticonvulsants, and tuberculostatics.
Adverse effects
Rarely, allergic reactions and venous irritation may occur.
