Polyneuropathies: Complications

The following are the most important diseases or complications that can be caused by diabetic polyneuropathy, for example:

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).

  • Severe hypoglycemia (hypoglycemia) due to lack of awareness of symptoms.
  • Diabetic foot or diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) – ulcerations (ulcers) on the feet due to circulatory disturbances of the limb and / or the reduced sensation of pain.

Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).

  • Diabetic diarrhea (diarrhea).
  • Infections of the skin ulcers (skin ulcers), which can lead to the need to amputate the affected limb due to poor wound healing

Skin and subcutaneous (L00-L99).

  • Chronic ulceration (ulceration; typical localization: sole of foot and big toe; neuropathic ulcus pedis, the so-called malum perforans).

Cardiovascular system (I00-I99).

  • Apoplexy (stroke)
  • Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
  • Orthostatic hypotension (low blood pressure).

Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).

  • Gastroparesis – loss of tone of the stomach muscles.

Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99).

Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99).

  • Diabetic amyotrophy (usually unilateral (one-sided) upper lumbosacral plexopathy, LSP; pain syndrome).
  • Cranial nerve palsies (cranial nerve palsies):
    • III oculomotor nerve (eye movement nerve); type: motor; function: eye and eyelid movement; adaptation to distance.
    • IV trochlear nerve; type: motor; function: superior oblique eye muscle.
    • VII facial nerve (facial nerve); type: sensory/motor; function: sensory: anterior part of tongue motor: facial mimic muscles
  • Mononeuritis multiplex – inflammatory disease of the nervous system.

Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract – reproductive organs) (N00-N99).

Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified (R00-R99).

  • Tachycardia (heartbeat too fast: > 100 beats per minute).

Further

  • Decrease in sweat secretion
  • Impairment of mitochondrial metabolism.
  • Lack of respiratory variability of heart rate.
  • Disturbances of the microcirculation
  • Unnoticed burns due to lack of sensitivity.
  • Non-traumatic leg amputation.