The psychopathological findings allow the physician to accurately describe the patient’s mental state. The next step toward diagnosis is then to evaluate all the symptoms, which are often typical of certain syndromes (e.g., a depressive syndrome).
The ICD
Psychiatric diagnoses are now referred to as disorders and in Germany follow the international classification of disorders known as the ICD, which is currently in its 10th edition (ICD-10). In this classification, all mental disorders are classified more according to symptoms and course than according to the ultimate cause, and it prescribes clear criteria such as standardized interviews or checklists for making diagnoses.
For each diagnosis, there are precise treatment guidelines according to which the patient is treated. In further treatment, organic causes such as a brain tumor, a metabolic disorder or arteriosclerotic brain changes are also ruled out, as is drug abuse.
How are psychopathologic findings documented?
To objectify the psychopathological findings, structured interview guidelines such as the AMDP system and a wide variety of testing procedures such as the Hamilton Depression Scale or the Bech-Rafaelsen Mania Scale are used in further treatment. This structured approach allows many patients to reduce their concerns about psychiatric treatment, and to reconsider their view of the specialty of psychiatry.
