Thyroid gland disease

In many cases, thyroid diseases are accompanied by hyper- or hypofunction of the organ, which manifests itself in a multitude of symptoms and can cause dizziness in different ways. The thyroid gland produces vital hormones that are involved in a number of metabolic processes in the body.Overactive thyroid gland can be associated with palpitations, sweating, restlessness, sleep disturbances, weight loss and dizziness due to high blood pressure and relative dehydration. An underactive thyroid, on the other hand, has the opposite effect, leading to a reduced basal metabolic rate with low blood pressure, circulatory problems, dizziness, fatigue and weight gain. The exact adjustment of thyroid function with medication is very important for a life free of complaints.

Neurological diseases

Migraine is a recurring headache that can be accompanied by various symptoms. These are often nausea, vomiting and sensitivity to light. Many sufferers suffer migraine attacks with a so-called “aura”.

These attacks are accompanied by a series of neurological symptoms, often before the headache. These include impaired vision, loss of visual field, perception of colors or flashes, sensory disturbances, speech disorders, dizziness and paralysis. In some cases, the neurological symptoms with dizziness may even occur without headache.

The treatment of migraine, especially during the attack, depends on the severity of the attack with strong medication, but in the long term it is mainly a lifestyle adjustment. Dizziness indicates a so-called “brain stem symptomatology” and thus a severe course of the migraine aura. Dizziness and migraine – what is the underlying disease?

Parkinson’s disease is a disease of the central nervous system in which there is a deficiency of the hormone dopamine. The disease develops mainly in old age as a result of cell death in certain areas of the brain. The typical symptoms of Parkinson’s disease are a slowing of all movements, tremor (muscle trembling) at rest, and instability when walking and standing.

However, in addition to the typical motor symptoms that make up the clinical picture, there are numerous non-motor neurological symptoms. These may include dizziness but also depression, sleep disorders, pain, anxiety disorders and dementia occasionally occur with the disease. Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, which can be accompanied by severe symptoms and consequences, and can often develop fluently into meningitis.

It can be triggered by a variety of pathogens, with bacterial and viral meningitis being the most common. In principle, almost all pathogens can attack the entire body untreated or in the case of immunodeficiency, spread locally and in the blood and in the long term spread to the meninges. As a result, a combination of severe neurological symptoms such as headache, stiff neck, restlessness, nausea, vomiting, confusion, paralysis, photophobia, seizures and considerable pain occurs.

Rotational vertigo can also occur with involvement of the vestibular and hearing organs. Meningitis is a highly acute disease that, depending on the pathogen and the immune system of the person affected, can be accompanied by severe organ damage to the entire body and even death. Nowadays, children can be vaccinated against the most common pathogens of meningitis at an early age, which is why the clinical picture has become much rarer.

If a severe infection causes a stiff neck, this can be an important indication of a beginning so-called “meningismus”, which requires immediate medical treatment. A stroke often occurs as a result of pre-existing circulatory disorders. As with circulatory disorders, there are also risk factors typical for a stroke, such as age, high blood pressure, obesity, elevated blood lipid levels, nicotine consumption and lack of exercise.

A stroke is an acute stroke in which blood clots are carried away, causing a blockage of a cerebral artery and immediate damage to the area of the brain behind it. The acute lack of oxygen causes the brain cells to be disturbed reversibly at first, then irreversibly after a while, which can lead to neurological symptoms. These depend on the exact location of the stroke.

General symptoms such as confusion, drowsiness and dizziness can occur in any case. Frequently, there is still a loss of musculature with hemiplegia and speech disorders. A craniocerebral trauma is an unspecific description for many possible damages of the brain after an accident with injury.Various processes in the brain can lead to injuries such as bleeding, but also to water retention and other forms of brain swelling.

In many cases this leads to an increase in intracranial pressure. A leading symptom of the craniocerebral dream is the so-called “vigilance reduction”, a limitation of consciousness, which can be assessed by addressing the affected person as well as by his reactions. The symptoms can include all neurological damage and can be very variable depending on the severity of the trauma.

Mild craniocerebral trauma can be accompanied by headaches, dizziness, loss of drive and nausea. These can be followed by problems of consciousness, drowsiness, motor dysfunction and even coma. The treatment focuses on the repair of the primary injuries and the reduction of intracranial pressure, but due to the very different characteristics of these injuries it is hardly possible to make a prognosis.

The cervical spine syndrome describes a non-specific pain syndrome of the cervical spine. It is a painful chronic event that can be accompanied by neurological symptoms. The cause of the cervical spine syndrome is not known exactly.

Muscular tension and blockages in the area of the cervical vertebrae are suspected. The tensions are permanent and can be accompanied by malpositions, blockages of the cervical vertebrae and restricted movement. Typically, those affected describe a dizziness that feels like staggering.

The dizziness can also be accompanied by circulatory problems such as fainting. The exact mechanism of the symptoms cannot be clearly explained. Therapeutically, physiotherapy is mainly used.

A clarification of the psychogenic dizziness is not always clear, in many cases both clinical pictures can merge. Acoustic neuroma is a benign tumor of the nerve cells, which is located at the common cranial nerve of the sense of hearing and balance. Although the tumor is benign, it grows in a displacing manner and can therefore damage several cranial nerves.

Initially, symptoms of loss of the auditory and vestibular nerve occur due to hearing loss and vertigo. In the course of time, paralysis of the facial muscles and sensitivity disorders of the face may also occur. Smaller acoustic neuroma can be irradiated, but larger tumors must be surgically removed. The prognosis of the disease is very good, but occasionally there is permanent damage to involved cranial nerves.