Definition On the one hand, drugs contain the active ingredients that mediate the pharmacological effects. On the other hand, they consist of excipients, which are used for the production or to support and regulate the drug effect. Placebos, which consist only of excipients and contain no active ingredients, are an exception. Excipients can be of … Auxiliary Materials
Products Lesinurad was approved in the US in 2015, in the EU in 2016, and in many countries in 2017 in film-coated tablet form (Zurampic). A fixed-dose combination with allopurinol was released in the US in 2017 (Duzallo), in the EU in 2018, and in many countries in 2019. Structure and properties Lesinurad (C17H14BrN3O2S, Mr … Lesinurad
Symptoms A nail fungus manifests as a white to yellow-brown discoloration of the nail, thickening, softening and deformation. The most common form of nail fungus is the so-called distal-lateral subungual onychomycosis, which often occurs on the big toe. In this case, the fungus grows into the nail bed at the outer end and laterally at … Nail Fungus Causes and Treatment
Products Antifungal products are commercially available as creams, ointments, powders, solutions, tablets, capsules, and injectables, among others. Structure and properties The antifungal agents are a structurally heterogeneous class of agents. However, several groups can be identified within the antifungals, such as the azole antifungals and the allylamines (see below). Effects Antifungals have antifungal, fungistatic, or … Antifungals
Structure and properties Many active pharmaceutical ingredients are present in the drug as organic salts. This means that the active ingredient is ionized and its charge is neutralized by a counterion (English ). For example, naproxen is present in the over-the-counter pain reliever as a sodium salt. In this form, it is referred to as … Active Ingredient Salts
Products Vinegar (acetum) is available in grocery stores and specialty stores. The French name “Vinaigre”, from which the English name “Vinegar” is also derived, means “sour wine” (le vin: wine, aigre: sour). Vinegar is a traditional product that has been made for thousands of years. Structure and properties Vinegar exists as a liquid with a … Vinegar
Products The most famous product with the acetic-tartaric clay solution was Euceta Gel, which also contained chamomile extract and arnica tincture. It has been off the market since 2014. Various successor products with a comparable composition have been launched. In addition, the solution is also contained, among other things, in traction ointments. The acetic-tartaric alumina … Acetic-Tartaric Alumina Solution
Products Acetic acid is available as an aqueous solution in various concentrations in pharmacies and drugstores. Structure and properties Acetic acid (C2H4O2, Mr = 60.1 g/mol) or CH3-COOH is the simplest carboxylic acid after formic acid. It consists of a methyl and carboxyl group. It exists as a pure substance as a clear, volatile, colorless … Acetic Acid
Products Trichloroacetic acid is contained as a concentrated gel in Wartner pen for warts, among other products. It is a medical device. As a pure substance, trichloroacetic acid is also available in pharmacies. Specialty retailers can order it from specialized suppliers. Structure and properties Trichloroacetic acid (C2HCl3O2, Mr = 163.4 g/mol) is a trichloro derivative … Trichloroacetic Acid
Products Vitamin E is contained in numerous medicines, dietary supplements and cosmetics, for example in the form of soft capsules. Structure and properties Vitamin E exists as a clear, colorless to yellowish brown, viscous, oily liquid and is practically insoluble in water. In contrast, it is readily soluble in fatty oils (fat-soluble vitamin). It is … Vitamin E
Products Diver’s drops are usually made for customers in a pharmacy. Ingredients Various mixtures with propylene glycol, glycerol, ethanol and glacial acetic acid are commonly used. The use of boric acid and hydrogen peroxide is controversial. Two manufacturing instructions are shown below: Ethanol-glycerol ear drops: Glycerol 10.0 g Ethanol 96% ad 30.0 g Acetic acid … Diver Drop
Products Acids are found in numerous drugs as active ingredients or as excipients. As pure substances, they are available in pharmacies and drugstores. In the household, they are found, for example, in lemon juice, fruit juice, vinegar and cleaning agents. Definition Acids (HA), with the exception of Lewis acids, are chemical compounds that contain a … Acids
